Skip to main content

ETHNOS_APP

Home • Search • Journals • List 0

Comparing Religious, Moral, and Spiritual Intelligence as Correlates and Mediators of Death Anxiety and Life Satisfaction

Bibliographic Data

ID13628217
AuthorsWaqar Husain (0000-0003-3047-1834, COMSATS University Islamabad, corresponding author), Aqsa Mariyyam (COMSATS University Islamabad), Eshal Javed (COMSATS University Islamabad), Muhammad Ahmad Husain (COMSATS University Islamabad), Farrukh Ijaz (Fatima Jinnah Women University), Khaled Trabelsi (0000-0003-0207-9819, University of Jordan), Achraf Ammar (0000-0003-0347-8053, University of Sfax), Haitham Jahrami (0000-0001-8990-1320, Arabian Gulf University)
Year2026
Pages302228261438889-302228261438889
Publication date2026-03-23
Peer ReviewedYes
Open AccessYes
TypeARTICLE
VenueOMEGA - Journal of Death and Dying (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 0030-2228 • E-ISSN: 1541-3764
PublisherSAGE Publishing (PUBLISHER • US)
DOI10.1177/00302228261438889
PMID41871330
OpenAlexW7140120874
LanguageEN
References cited55

Prior research highlights the buffering roles of religion, morality, and spirituality in death anxiety. However, the distinct contributions of religious, moral, and spiritual intelligence remain underexplored. This cross-sectional survey (n = 737; Age = 18-80 years, mean age = 26 years; Females = 62%) examined whether religious, moral, and spiritual intelligence mediate the relationship between death anxiety and life satisfaction, and whether these mediation pathways differ by gender through gender-stratified mediation analyses. Spiritual intelligence was the strongest buffer in death anxiety (B = -1.084, SE = .102, β = -.416, t (733) = -10.670, p < .001) and mediated fully between death anxiety and life satisfaction (indirect effect = -0.120, p < .001, 88.3% mediated). Multi-group mediation confirmed these patterns across genders. These findings highlight the central role of spiritual intelligence in sustaining wellbeing and resilience compared to moral or religious intelligence

Anxiety · Death anxiety · Life satisfaction · Mediation · Spiritual intelligence · Spirituality · Death Anxiety and Social Exclusion · Religion, Spirituality, and Psychology · Workplace Spirituality and Leadership

  • Spirituality and religion in patients with HIV/Aids

    Sian Cotton, Christina M Puchalski et al.•Journal of General Internal…•2006

  • Death Anxiety

    Rebecca H Lehto, Karen Stein et al.•Research and Theory for Nursing…•2009

  • Refinement and test of the theory of fluid and crystallized general intelligences.

    John L Horn, Raymond B Cattell•Journal of Educational Psychology•1966

  • "General Intelligence," Objectively Determined and Measured

    C Spearman•The American Journal of Psychology•1904

  • Happiness

    Open Access•Ruut Veenhoven•Handbook of social indicators and…•2012

  • Mediation

    Open Access•Dustin Tingley, T Yamamoto et al.•Journal of Statistical Software•2014

  • Common method biases in behavioral research

    Philip M Podsakoff, Scott B Mackenzie et al.•Journal of Applied Psychology•2003

  • The Satisfaction With Life Scale and the emerging construct of life satisfaction

    William Pavot, Ed Diener•The Journal of Positive Psychology•2008

  • The Satisfaction With Life Scale

    Ed Diener, Robert A Emmons et al.•Journal of Personality Assessment•1985

  • Components of psychosocial health

    Open Access•Waqar Husain•Health Education•2022

  • A Viable Model and Self-Report Measure of Spiritual Intelligence

    Open Access•David B King, Teresa L Decicco•International Journal of…•2009

  • Association of Death Anxiety with Spiritual Well-Being and Religious Coping in Older Adults During the Covid-19 Pandemic

    Open Access•Mohammad Rababa, Audai A Hayajneh et al.•Journal of Religion and Health•2020

  • The Spiritual Well-Being Scale in the Polish Catholic Setting

    Open Access•Beata Zarzycka, Kamil Tomaka et al.•Journal of Religion and Health•2024

  • Separation of Church and Trait

    Open Access•Travis J Pashak, Michelle D Justice et al.•Journal of Religion and Health•2020

  • Spiritual Growth or Decline and Meaning-Making as Mediators of Anxiety and Satisfaction with Life During Religious Struggle

    Open Access•Beata Zarzycka, Paweł Ziętek•Journal of Religion and Health•2019

  • Some Changes in the Structure-of-Intellect Model

    Open Access•J P Guilford•Educational and Psychological…•1988

  • Required Sample Size to Detect the Mediated Effect

    Open Access•Matthew S Fritz, David P Mackinnon•Psychological Science•2007

  • The influence of religion on death anxiety and death acceptance

    Stephen Harding, Stephen R Harding et al.•Mental Health Religion & Culture•2005

  • Death and annihilation anxieties in anorexia nervosa, bulimia, and self-mutilation

    Sharon K Farber, Craig C Jackson et al.•Psychoanalytic Psychology•2007

  • The religious correlates of death anxiety

    Jonathan Jong, ROBERT ROSS et al.•Religion Brain & Behavior•2018

  • Extent of trauma exposure and PTSD symptom severity as predictors of anxiety-buffer functioning

    Armand Chatard, Tom Pyszczynski et al.•Psychological Trauma Theory…•2011

  • Measuring Sexual Intelligence for Evaluating Sexual Health

    Open Access•Waqar Husain, Abeera Kiran et al.•Psychological Reports•2023

  • Comparison of Death Anxiety, Self-Esteem, and Personality Traits of the People Who Live in Turkey and Denmark

    Open Access•Seher Özdemir, Süleyman Kahraman et al.•OMEGA - Journal of Death and Dying•2019

  • Examining the Complex Relation Among Religion, Morality, and Death Anxiety

    Open Access•Jonathan F Bassett, Mel L Bussard•OMEGA - Journal of Death and Dying•2018

  • Spirituality and Religiosity

    Open Access•Christina H Rasmussen, Mark E Johnson•OMEGA - Journal of Death and Dying•1994

  • The Psychopathological Predictors and Effects of Death Anxiety

    Open Access•Waqar Husain, Manahil Mehmood Malik et al.•OMEGA - Journal of Death and Dying•2024

  • Spirituality and Intelligence

    Robert A Emmons•International Journal for the…•2000

  • Psychological Research on Death Attitudes

    Robert A Neimeyer, Joachim Wittkowski et al.•Death Studies•2004

  • The contribution of socio-demographic and psychosocial factors to life satisfaction

    Open Access•Rocío Fernández Ballesteros, Rocio Fernandez-Ballesteros et al.•Ageing and Society•2001

  • Muslim Integration into Western Cultures

    Open Access•P Norris, Ronald Inglehart et al.•Political Studies•2012

  • Implicit theories of intelligence, creativity, and wisdom

    Robert J Sternberg•Journal of Personality and Social…•1985

  • Death Anxiety, Religiosity and Culture

    Open Access•Apurva-Kumar Pandya, Tripti Kathuria•Religions•2021

  • Subjective well-being

    Ed Diener, Eunkook M Suh et al.•Psychological Bulletin•1999

  • Religiosity and Death Anxiety

    L D Nelson, Cecilia H Cantrell•Review of Religious Research•1980

  • Religious Intelligence

    Ron E Hassner•Terrorism and Political Violence•2011

  • Redefining social intelligence through self-efficacy and personal autonomy

    Waqar Husain, Afnan Kamal et al.•Journal of Human Behavior in the…•2025

Citation velocityhistorical
Highly citedNo
Ethnos_APP • Open Source Project • MIT License • Frontend v2.0.0 • Privacy and Cookies • API Documentation: api.ethnos.app/docs • API Source Code: GitHub • DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17049435 • Frontend Source Code: GitHub • DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17050053 • cruz.rio.br • Expectantes Misericordiae