Oil for What?—Illicit Iraqi Oil Contracts and the U.N. Security Council
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 14855116 |
|---|---|
| Authors | Paul Heaton (0009-0006-9515-0993, University of Chicago, corresponding author) |
| Year | 2005 |
| Volume | 19 |
| Issue | 4 |
| Pages | 193-206 |
| Publication date | 2005-11-01 |
| Open Access | Yes |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | The Journal of Economic Perspectives (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 0895-3309 • E-ISSN: 1944-7965 |
| Publisher | American Economic Association (PUBLISHER • US) |
| DOI | 10.1257/089533005775196741 |
| OpenAlex | W2148822365 |
| Language | EN |
| Citations received | 1 |
| References cited | 5 |
The Oil-For-Food program was established by United Nations Security Council Resolution 986 in 1995 as a means of providing humanitarian relief to Iraq, which had been under U.N. economic sanctions since the Persian Gulf War in 1991. After the invasion of Iraq, considerable evidence emerged suggesting that Saddam Hussein was able to subvert the Oil-For-Food program to obtain hard currency as well as items on the United Nation's prohibited transfer list. In this paper, I use recently available data to examine how the Iraqi government used illicit contracts for underpriced oil to reward supporters. Although it may never be possible to prove conclusively that the Iraqi government used oil contracts as a mechanism to trade bribes for votes in the U.N. Security Council, I demonstrate that nations with seats on the Security Council received a greater number and a greater value of these contracts and that receipt of the contracts was positively associated with pro-Iraqi votes. I also find that Iraq was more likely to give contracts to countries on the Council that had exhibited prior support for the Iraqi regime
Business · Economic history · Economic sanctions · Economics · Gulf war · International trade · Middle East · Political science · Politics · Receipt · Sanctions · Security council · Corruption and Economic Development · Crime, Illicit Activities, and Governance · Law · Natural Resources and Economic Development · Public Administration · Accounting
| Citations per year | 0.05 |
|---|---|
| Citation span | 2006 - 2006 (1) |
| Highly cited | No |