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Timothy Tayloralways existed across a variety of groups that are partly overlapping and constantly changing.Some of these tensions reflect socioeconomic divides: they are not about migration but about poverty and economic opportunity-and large numbers of migrants happen to be poor.Because many of those who moved or their descendants have been naturalized, some of the cultural issues attributed to migration are, in fact, about the inclusion of national minorities.Migration is also just one of many forces transforming societies in an age of rapid change, alongside modernization, secularization, technological progress, shifts in gender roles and family structures, and the emergence of new norms and values, among other trends."Nick Chater and George Loewenstein discuss "The i-frame and the s-frame: How focusing on individual-level solutions has led behavioral public policy astray" (Behavioral and Brain Sciences, published online September 5, 2022, https:// www.cambridge.org/core/journals/behavioral-and-brain-sciences/article/iframe-and-the-sframe-how-focusing-on-individuallevel-solutions-has-led-behavioralpublic-policy-astray/A799C9C57F388A712BE5A8D34D5229A1)."An influential line of thinking in behavioral science, to which the two authors have long subscribed, is that many of society's most pressing problems can be addressed cheaply and effectively at the level of the individual, without modifying the system in which the individual operates.We now believe this was a mistake, along with, we suspect, many colleagues in both the academic and policy communities.Results from such interventions have been disappointingly modest.But more importantly, they have guided many (though by no means all) behavioral scientists to frame policy problems in individual, not systemic, terms: To adopt what we call the 'i-frame,' rather than the 's-frame.'The difference may be more consequential than i-frame advocates have realized, by deflecting attention and support away from s-frame policies.Indeed, highlighting the i-frame is a long-established objective of corporate opponents of concerted systemic action such as regulation and taxation.We illustrate our argument briefly for six policy problems, and in depth with the examples of climate change, obesity, retirement savings, and pollution from plastic waste."At this year's annual meeting conducted at Jackson Hole by the Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City, with the theme of "Structural Shifts in the Global Economy," Charles I. Jones presented a paper on "The Outlook for Long-Term Economic Growth" (August 2023, for full proceedings of the three-day symposium, see https://www.kansascityfed.org/research/jackson-hole-economic-symposium/jackson-hole-economic-policy-symposium-structural-shifts-in-the-global-economy/).Jones writes: "What are the prospects for economic growth in the United States and other advanced countries over the next several decades?U.S. growth for the past 150 years has been surprisingly stable at 2 percent per year.Growth theory reveals that in the long run, growth in living standards is determined by growth in the worldwide number of people searching for ideas.At the same time, a growth accounting exercise for the United States since the 1950s suggests that many other factors have temporarily contributed to growth, including rising educational attainment and a rising investment rate in ideas.But these forces are inherently temporary, implying that growth rates could slow in the future.This prediction is

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