Efectos agudos de las partículas respirables y del dióxido de azufre sobre la salud respiratoria en niños del área industrial de Puchuncaví, Chile

Bibliographic Data

ID14967358
AuthorsJuan Sanchez, Juan A Sánchez (0000-0002-6789-3208, Viña del Mar University, corresponding author), Isabelle Romieu (0000-0002-8552-5273, World Health Organization Regional Office for the Americas), Silvia Ruiz‐Velasco (0000-0002-9220-2368, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico), Silvia Ruiz, Paulina Pino (0000-0002-8264-0612, University of Chile), Mónica Gutiérrez (0000-0002-3765-5129, University of Valparaíso)
Year1999
Volume6
Issue6
Pages384-91
Publication date1999-12-01
Peer ReviewedYes
Open AccessYes
TypeARTICLE
VenueRevista Panamericana de Salud Pública (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 1020-4989 • E-ISSN: 1680-5348
PublisherFapUNIFESP (SciELO) (PUBLISHER)
DOI10.1590/s1020-49891999001100003
PMID10659669
OpenAlexW2097547376
SCIELO_PIDS1020-49891999001100003
LanguageES
Citations received4
References cited2

This study investigated the acute effect of air pollution on the respiratory health of children living in the industrial area of Puchuncaví, in Region V of Chile. The 114 children studied were from 6 to 12 years old; 57 of them had chronic respiratory symptoms and 57 did not. Each day for 66 days the air was checked for levels of sulfur dioxide (SO2) and of breathable particles that were < 10 microns (PM10). The children were selected and classified according to their susceptibility to chronic respiratory disease by means of a questionnaire used with 882 children living within the area of the emissions from a copper foundry and a thermoelectric plant. Each day, each studied child's peak expiratory flow (PEF) and incidence of respiratory symptoms were checked and recorded. Using regression models (generalized estimation equations), estimates were made of the association of SO2 and PM10 levels with PEF and the incidence of cough, expectoration, episodes of wheezing, dyspnea, and use of bronchodilators. Among the children who were initially symptomatic, an increase of 50 micrograms/m3 in the daily mean level of SO2 caused a reduction of -1.42 L/min (95% confidence interval (95% CI): -2.84 to -0.71) in the PEF of the following day. An increase of 30 micrograms/m3 in the cumulative concentration of PM10 over three days produced a PEF reduction of -2.84 L/min (95% CI: -4.26 to 0.00). With respect to symptoms, an increase of 30 micrograms/m3 in the weekly mean level of PM10 was related with a 26% increase (odds ratio (OR) = 1.26; 95% CI: 1.01 to 1.57) in the incidence of cough and of 23% (OR = 1.23; 95% CI: 1.00 to 1.50) in the incidence of expectoration. An increase of 50 micrograms/m3 in the mean level of SO2 for three days was associated with a 5% increase (OR = 1.05; 95% CI: 1.00 to 1.10) in the incidence of expectoration. An increase of 30 micrograms/m3 in the daily average of PM10 increased the use of bronchodilators two days later by 10% (OR = 1.10; 95% CI: 1.03 to 1.18). Among the initially asymptomatic children, a significant effect from PM10 exposure was found after an increase of 30 micrograms/m3 in the mean daily PM10 level, with a reduction of -1.34 L/min (95% CI: -2.68 to -0.67) in the PEF of the following day. A similar increase in the cumulative exposure over three days was associated with an increase of 9% in the incidence of episodes of wheezing (OR = 1.09; 95% CI: 1.01 to 1.31). It is concluded that high levels of PM10 and SO2 affect the respiratory health of children living in the industrial area of Puchuncaví

Animal science · Confidence interval · Incidence (geometry · Industrial area · Respiratory system · Air Quality and Health Impacts · Climate Change and Health Impacts · Mathematics · Medicine · Noise Effects and Management · Environmental Engineering · Internal Medicine · Pediatrics

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