Resonance of the ‘4.2ka event’ and terminations of global civilizations during the Holocene, in the palaeoclimate records around PT Tso Lake, Eastern Himalaya

Climate change · Climatology · Environmental change · Geography · Holocene · Holocene climatic optimum · Palynology · Physical geography · Pollen · Population · Proxy (statistics · Vegetation (pathology · Archaeology and ancient environmental studies · Geology and Paleoclimatology Research · Pleistocene-Era Hominins and Archaeology · Ecology · Geology · Oceanography

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  Open Access•Nivedita Mehrotra, Santosh K Shah et al.•The Holocene•2025

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• Revisit the Medieval Warm Period and Little Ice Age in Proxy Records from Zemu Glacier Sediments, Eastern Himalaya

  Open Access•Nivedita Mehrotra, Nathani Basavaiah et al.•Quaternary•2023

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• Neolithic cultural sites and extreme climate related channel avulsion

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• Paleoenvironmental shifts spanning the last ~6000 years and recent anthropogenic controls inferred from a high-altitude temperate lake

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• Investigating possible links between Holocene environmental changes and cultural transitions across India

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• Holocene climate and civilization

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• Holocene variations in the Asian monsoon inferred from the geochemistry of lake sediments in central Tibet

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• Climatic Changes in the Qinghai-Xizang (Tibetan) Region of China during the Holocene

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• Holocene climate changes in the mid-high-latitude-monsoon margin reflected by the pollen record from Hulun Lake, northeastern Inner Mongolia

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• Late Holocene climates of the Near East deduced from Dead Sea level variations and modern regional winter rainfall

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• Abrupt changes in the Asian southwest monsoon during the Holocene and their links to the North Atlantic Ocean

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• A Pervasive Millennial-Scale Cycle in North Atlantic Holocene and Glacial Climates

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• Cultural Responses to Climate Change During the Late Holocene

  Open Access•Peter de Menocal, Peter B deMenocal•Science•2001

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• Persistent Solar Influence on North Atlantic Climate During the Holocene

  Open Access•Gérard C Bond, Gerard Bond et al.•Science•2001

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• Reconstruction of climate and vegetation changes of Lake Bayanchagan (Inner Mongolia)

  Open Access•Wenying Jiang, Zhengtang Guo et al.•Quaternary Research•2006

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• High-Resolution Holocene Environmental Changes in the Thar Desert, Northwestern India

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• A high-resolution, absolute-dated Holocene and deglacial Asian monsoon record from Dongge Cave, China

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• Climate change at the 4.2 ka BP termination of the Indus valley civilization and Holocene south Asian monsoon variability

  Open Access•Michael Staubwasser, Frank Sirocko et al.•Geophysical Research Letters•2003

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• Sea–land oxygen isotopic relationships from planktonic foraminifera and speleothems in the Eastern Mediterranean region and their implication for paleorainfall during interglacial intervals

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• Kilimanjaro Ice Core Records

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• Correlation between Indian Ocean summer monsoon and North Atlantic climate during the Holocene

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• Methods and code for ‘classical’ age-modelling of radiocarbon sequences

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• Late Holocene drought responsible for the collapse of Old World civilizations is recorded in an Italian cave flowstone

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• The Holocene Asian Monsoon

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• Holocene Paleoclimates of India

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• Holocene Climate Variability and Cultural Evolution in the Near East from the Dead Sea Sedimentary Record

  Open Access•Claudia Migowski, Mordechai Stein et al.•Quaternary Research•2006

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• Holocene East Asian monsoonal precipitation pattern revealed by grain-size distribution of core sediments of Daihai Lake in Inner Mongolia of north-central China

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• Quantification of Holocene Asian monsoon rainfall from spatially separated cave records

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  Open Access•Eric C Grimm•Computers & Geosciences•1987

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• Precipitation variability in the Indian Central Himalaya during last ca. 4,000 years inferred from a speleothem record

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• Palaeoclimatic changes in the Qinghai Lake area during the last 18,000 years

  Open Access•Shen Ji, Liu Xingqi et al.•Quaternary International•2005

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• Varved lacustrine sediments of Lake Tougou-ike, Western Japan, with reference to Holocene sea-level changes in Japan

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• Weak monsoon event at 4.2 ka recorded in sediment from Lake Rara, Himalayas

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• Late Quaternary climatic changes in the eastern Kumaun Himalaya, India, as deduced from multi-proxy studies

  Open Access•Bahadur Singh Kotlia, Jaishri Sanwal et al.•Quaternary International•2010

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• Potential influence of the Pacific Ocean on the Indian summer monsoon and Harappan decline

  Open Access•Glen Macdonald•Quaternary International•2011

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• A long arid interlude in the Indian summer monsoon during ∼4,350 to 3,450 cal. yr BP contemporaneous to displacement of the Indus valley civilization

  Open Access•Som Dutt, Anil K Gupta et al.•Quaternary International•2018

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• Environmental changes since 8.4 ka reflected in the lacustrine core sediments from Nam Co, central Tibetan Plateau, China

  Open Access•Liping Zhu, Yanhong Wu et al.•The Holocene•2008

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• A severe centennial-scale drought in midcontinental North America 4200 years ago and apparent global linkages

  Open Access•Robert K Booth, Stephen T Jackson et al.•The Holocene•2005

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• A dramatic climatic transition at ~4000 cal. yr BP and its cultural responses in Chinese cultural domains

  Open Access•Fenggui Liu, Zhaodong Feng•The Holocene•2012

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• Holocene climate fluctuations in the Yangtze delta of eastern China and the Neolithic response

  Open Access•Zhongyuan Chen, Zhanghua Wang et al.•The Holocene•2005

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• A 6000-year high-resolution climatic record from a stalagmite in Xiangshui Cave, Guilin, China

  Open Access•Meiliang Zhang, Dao-Xian Yuan et al.•The Holocene•2004

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• Holocene environments of the high plateau, Yemen. Recent geoarchaeological investigations

  Open Access•T J Wilkinson•Geoarchaeology•1997

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• Short contribution

  Open Access•Jean‐Daniel Stanley, Michael D Krom et al.•Geoarchaeology•2003

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• A general cooling trend on the central Tibetan Plateau throughout the Holocene recorded by the Lake Zigetang pollen spectra

  Open Access•Ulrike Herzschuh, Katja Winter et al.•Quaternary International•2006

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• IntCal13 and Marine13 Radiocarbon Age Calibration Curves 0–50,000 Years cal BP

  Open Access•Paula J Reimer, Edouard Bard et al.•Radiocarbon•2013

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• Radiocarbon Chronology of the Holocene Dead Sea

  Open Access•Amos Frumkin, Galit Kadan et al.•Radiocarbon•2001

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• Radiocarbon and Stable Carbon Isotopes in Two Soil Profiles from Northeast India

  Open Access•Amzad H Laskar, M G Yadava et al.•Radiocarbon•2012

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