Long grazing fallow in the Andes
Interdisciplinary aims
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 15049220 |
|---|---|
| Authors | Dominique Hervé (0000-0001-6197-6275, Agropolis International, corresponding author), Gilles Rivière (0000-0002-7317-8104, École des hautes études en sciences sociales, corresponding author) |
| Year | 1998 |
| Volume | 6 |
| Issue | 4 |
| Pages | 5-19 |
| Publication date | 1998-10-12 |
| Open Access | Yes |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | Natures Sciences Sociétés (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 1240-1307 • E-ISSN: 1765-2979 |
| Publisher | Elsevier BV (PUBLISHER) |
| DOI | 10.1016/s1240-1307(98)80137-4 |
| OpenAlex | W3022256272 |
| Language | EN |
Avec la montée en puissance des préoccupations environnementales et des interrogations sur le développement durable, l'intérêt pour la pratique des jachères dans les agricultures traditionnelles se renouvelle. S'agit-il de survivances qu'il conviendrait défaire disparaître dans une démarche visant à rendre l'agriculture plus intensive ? S'agit-il au contraire de pratiques adaptées aux conditions à la fois pédoclimatiques, économiques et sociales des pays concernés ? Ce texte montre qu'on ne peut pas s'en tenir, pour répondre à cette question, à un bilan agronomique de la pratique de la jachère, mais qu'il faut situer celle-ci dans le contexte de la ≪ communauté paysanne ≫ (en l'occurrence en Amérique latine) dans laquelle elle a lieu: il s'avère en effet que s'agissant d'une jachère collective elle y prend une place qui dépasse de beaucoup sa fonction agricole et pastorale. Il témoigne de ce fait de l'intérêt d'une collaboration entre agronome et anthropologue. Et de la façon de la conduire. An interdisciplinary approach comes into view between the lines of this team investigation synthesis which deals with andean fallow dynamics. It questions agronomic and social sciences. An agronomist and an anthropologist, facing initial semantic difficulty to define fallow, gather their points of view concerning the same peasant community of Bolivian high plateau. This community is still functioning as the archetype of andean communities. They challenge to explain why land has been fallowing during ten years since such a long time, and how collective management is changing. Firstly each research worker tries to answer within his proper scientific sphere. The agronomist checks more deeply some of the fallow functions: soil fertility restoration jquimical, biological and physical) depending on fallow duration, the Impact of long fallow on parasitism (Globodera pallida, Premnotrypes latithorax) and fueiwood production. The best fallow duration Is not ten years for every fallow functions. The combination of these functions may have changed in the past. The anthropologist studies history of land access and actual social representations. Interdisciplinary dialog occur between them, but reality looks to be more complex and quiet unpredictable as expecting specific fallow dynamics repeatly fail. Fallow duration looks not to change because this time is fix, cyclical; it represents the history and the memory of the community. What actually changes is the type of land access, from collective to private, and the deslgual access to these types of land. It implies a new focus to on-farm management. We conclude that edafological constraints are not the only deterministic reason for long fallow duration. We teased out the different reasons, which are multiple, jerarquized and linked within a dynamic process, as threads are. it is the main goal of an interdisciplinary research
Ethnology · Humanities · Peasant · Political science · Sociology · Agriculture and Rural Development Research · Agriculture, Land Use, Rural Development · Philosophy
| Highly cited | No |
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