La modélisation
Moment critique des recherches sur l'environnementModels and modelling processes: a critical step for an environmental research
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 15050047 |
|---|---|
| Authors | H Kieken (Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, corresponding author) |
| Year | 2003 |
| Volume | 11 |
| Issue | 4 |
| Pages | 396-403 |
| Publication date | 2003-12-01 |
| Open Access | Yes |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | Natures Sciences Sociétés (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 1240-1307 • E-ISSN: 1765-2979 |
| Publisher | Elsevier BV (PUBLISHER) |
| DOI | 10.1016/j.natsci.2003.09.004 |
| OpenAlex | W1550191001 |
| Language | FR |
| Citations received | 3 |
| References cited | 7 |
Les nouvelles pratiques de modélisation qui ont émergé depuis vingt ans et les spécificités des enjeux de gestion de l'environnement appellent un renouveau du regard des sciences sociales sur les modèles et les processus de modélisation. La compréhension de ces pratiques nécessite en particulier d'historiciser et de sociologiser la notion de modèle pour rendre compte des communautés de modélisateurs ou d’usagers des modèles, et de leurs interactions. Déplacer l’attention de l’objet modèle vers les pratiques de modélisation permet de donner une place à l’ensemble des acteurs, modélisateurs ou non, qui participent au processus de modélisation. Ce changement de perspective est rendu d’autant plus nécessaire que les modèles sont développés dans une proximité croissante avec l’action, ce qui rend inéluctable la prise en compte des usages dans leur analyse. Ces constats fondent un programme de recherche qui fait l’objet d’une Action concertée incitative (ACI) financée par le ministère de la Recherche. Ce projet doit permettre de mieux caractériser ces objets complexes et de renouveler la compréhension du rôle joué par les modèles dans la gestion de l’environnement. Many new modelling practices appeared over the last 20 years. These innovations together with the idiosyncrasies of environmental management issues stimulate social sciences to renew their approach and adapt their analysis of models and modelling processes. In particular, the new modelling practices have to be analysed in a historical and sociological perspective in order to better understand the role of modellers and user communities, as well as their interactions. This shift in focus, from models as objects to modelling processes as sets of practices, enables to reinstate the role of the different actors of modelling processes. Such an evolution of perspective is all the more necessary since environmental models are developed in an ever-closer relationship with action. Dealing with modellers aiming – through their tools – to “change the world”, social scientists have to take into account the models’ implementation and the context of use. This opens the way for a proper understanding of both their nature and their role in environmental management. These observations provide the very basis of a research domain that has been explored far less by social scientist in France than in Anglo-Saxons countries. A large research project entitled “Modelling, Simulations and Complex Systems Management” and funded by the French Ministry of Research is trying to fill this gap. The project aims at: (a) exchanging experiences between many disciplines, as diverse as History of Sciences, Epistemology, Management Sciences, Communication Sciences, Environmental Economics, Urban Transportation Economics, Climate Modelling or Chemistry ; (b) developing common concepts and understanding of these new environmental modelling approaches, (c) improve our understanding and characterisation of complex models, and, (d) renew our understanding of the role and status of models in environmental management
Combinatorics · Mod · Physics · Complex Systems and Decision Making · Mathematics · Scientific Computing and Data Management · Semantic Web and Ontologies
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Global comprehensive models in politics and policymaking
History and Epistemology of Models
Environnement
The institutional context of science, models, and policy
A way out of the credibility crisis of models used in integrated environmental assessment
Models, Simulations, and Their Objects
| Citations per year | 0.14 |
|---|---|
| Citation span | 2005 - 2018 (14) |
| Highly cited | No |