Diet quality and all-cause mortality among US adults, estimated from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), 2003–2008

Bibliographic Data

ID15096019
AuthorsSelma Kronsteiner-Gicevic (0000-0002-5414-8671, Harvard University, corresponding author), Emin Tahirovic (0000-0002-6765-6448, International University of Sarajevo), Sabri Bromage (0000-0002-6552-4871, Harvard University), Walter C Willett (0000-0003-1458-7597, Boston University), Walter Willett
Year2021
Volume24
Issue10
Pages2777-2787
Publication date2021-07-01
Peer ReviewedYes
Open AccessYes
TypeARTICLE
VenuePublic Health Nutrition (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 1368-9800 • E-ISSN: 1475-2727
PublisherCambridge University Press (CUP) (PUBLISHER)
DOI10.1017/s1368980021000859
OpenAlexW3130559742
LanguageEN
References cited33

Objective: We assessed the ability of the Prime Diet Quality Score (PDQS) to predict mortality in the US population and compared its predictiveness with that of the Healthy Eating Index-2015 (HEI-2015). Design: PDQS and HEI-2015 scores were derived using two 24-h recalls and converted to quintiles. Mortality data were obtained from the 2015 Public-Use Linked Mortality File. Associations between diet quality and all-cause mortality were evaluated using multivariable Cox proportional hazards models, and predictive performance of the two metrics was compared using a Wald test of equality of coefficients with both scores in a single model. Finally, we evaluated associations between individual metric components and mortality. Setting: A prospective analysis of the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data. Participants: Five-thousand five hundred and twenty-five participants from three survey cycles (2003–2008) in the NHANES aged 40 years and over. Results: Over the 51 248 person-years of follow-up (mean: 9·2 years), 767 deaths were recorded. In multivariable models, hazard ratios between the highest and lowest quintiles of diet quality scores were 0·70 (95 % CI 0·51, 0·96, P trend = 0·03) for the PDQS and 0·77 (95 % CI 0·57, 1·03, P trend = 0·20) for the HEI-2015. The PDQS and HEI-2015 were similarly good predictors of total mortality ( P difference = 0·88). Conclusion: Among US adults, better diet quality measured by the PDQS was associated with reduced risk of all-cause mortality. Given that the PDQS is simpler to calculate than the HEI-2015, it should be evaluated further for use as a diet quality metric globally

Confidence interval · Environmental health · Hazard ratio · National Death Index · National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey · Population · Proportional hazards model · Agriculture Sustainability and Environmental Impact · Demography · Medicine · Nutritional Studies and Diet · Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet · Gerontology · Internal Medicine

Tools

Open DOIOpen Access