Bleeding inequality
How menstrual poverty undermines academic success via social anxiety in female university students—A structural equation modeling study
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 15217430 |
|---|---|
| Authors | Süleyman Utku Uzun (0000-0002-8876-2848, Pamukkale University, corresponding author), Merve Akın (0000-0001-5559-4430, Pamukkale University) |
| Year | 2025 |
| Volume | 47 |
| Issue | 5 |
| Pages | 1-24 |
| Publication date | 2025-08-12 |
| Peer Reviewed | Yes |
| Open Access | Yes |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | Health Care For Women International (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 0739-9332 • E-ISSN: 1096-4665 |
| Publisher | Taylor & Francis (PUBLISHER • GB) |
| DOI | 10.1080/07399332.2025.2545183 |
| PMID | 40795164 |
| OpenAlex | W4413105297 |
| Language | EN |
| References cited | 24 |
In this cross-sectional study, we investigated the relationships between income, menstrual poverty, social anxiety, and academic success among 640 female undergraduates at Pamukkale University, Türkiye, using structural equation modeling. We collected data between April 1 and 15, 2025. We found moderate menstrual poverty (mean score 35.87 ± 6.35) and social anxiety (28.94 ± 10.59). Lower income predicted higher menstrual poverty ( β = -0.199, p β = 0.316, p β = -0.161, p = .002). Social anxiety also negatively affected academic success ( β = -0.039, p = .046). We identified significant indirect effects: income influenced academic success through menstrual poverty ( β = 0.032, p = .010) and through the sequential pathway of menstrual poverty and social anxiety ( β = 0.002, p = 0.045). Income had no direct effect on academic success (β = 0.207, p = .559). Our findings underscore the need for campus interventions addressing menstrual product access, infrastructure, and mental health support to mitigate educational impacts
Anxiety · Developmental psychology · Economic growth · Economics · Gynecology · Inequality · Menstrual bleeding · Poverty · Psychiatry · Social inequality · Structural equation modeling · Clinical Psychology · Health and Well-being Studies · Mathematics · Medicine · Menstrual Health and Disorders · Perfectionism, Procrastination, Anxiety Studies · Psychology · Social Psychology
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Sample Size Requirements for Structural Equation Models
Understanding Period Poverty
Period poverty and mental health in times of Covid-19 in France
Emotional and Psychosocial Aspects of Menstrual Poverty in Resource-Poor Settings
Period poverty’ in Stoke-on-Trent, UK
The Social Ties That Bind
| Citation velocity | historical |
|---|---|
| Highly cited | No |