Waterpipe Warning Placement and Risk Perceptions

An Eye Tracking Study

Bibliographic Data

ID15330243
AuthorsElizabeth G Klein (0000-0002-6895-4682, Elizabeth G. Klein, Associate Professor, The Ohio State University College of Public Health, Columbus, OH, United States;, Email: [email protected], corresponding author), Mahmood A Alalwan (0000-0001-6594-4107, Mahmood A. Alalwan, Student Research Assistant, The Ohio State University College of Public Health, Columbus, OH, United States), Michael L Pennell (0000-0002-2602-3126, Michael L. Pennell, Associate Professor, The Ohio State University College of Public Health, Columbus, OH, United States), David Angeles (David Angeles, Graduate Research Assistant, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States), Marielle C Brinkman (0000-0002-4315-649X, Marielle C. Brinkman, Senior Research Scientist, The Ohio State University College of Public Health, Columbus, OH, United States), Brittney Keller‐Hamilton (0000-0002-8574-7263, The Ohio State University), Brittney Keller-Hamilton (Brittney Keller-Hamilton, Research Scientist, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, United States), Megan E Roberts (0000-0003-4743-2145, Megan E. Roberts, Assistant Professor, The Ohio State University College of Public Health, Columbus, OH, United States), Paul Nini (Paul Nini, Professor, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States), Amy K Ferketich (0000-0001-8390-8679, Amy K. Ferketich, United States, Professor, The Ohio State University College of Public Health, Columbus, OH, United States)
Year2021
Volume45
Issue1
Pages186-194
Publication date2021-01-01
Peer ReviewedYes
Open AccessNo
TypeARTICLE
VenueAmerican Journal of Health Behavior (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 1087-3244 • E-ISSN: 1945-7359
PublisherPNG Publications (PUBLISHER • US)
DOI10.5993/ajhb.45.1.15
PMID33402248
OpenAlexW3121043673
LanguageEN
References cited6

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to select a health warning message location on a waterpipe (WP) that both attracted visual attention and conveyed the risks associated with WP smoking. Methods: During June through November 2019, we conducted a within-subjects randomized experiment (N = 74) using eye tracking equipment to examine visual attention to 3 placements of a health warning on the WP (stem, water bowl, hose). We asked young adult ever WP users 3 questions about WP harm perceptions. We used generalized linear mixed models to examine the amount of fixation time spent on the placement locations; we used repeated measures ANOVA to model changes in harm perceptions. Results: There were statistically significant differences across all 3 placement locations; regardless of place, all HWLs attracted a comparable amount of visual attention. Absolute WP harm perceptions significantly increased following the experiment and remained significantly higher at the one-week follow-up, compared to baseline. Conclusions: Warnings on WPs attracted visual attention and increased harm perceptions, and those harm perceptions remained high one week after the experiment. Findings indicate the value of including a warning on the WP device, and underscore the necessity and effectiveness of those health warnings to combat WP harm misperceptions

Environmental health · Eye tracking · Harm · Perception · Repeated measures design · Risk perception · Computer Science · Medicine · Noise Effects and Management · Psychology · Safety Warnings and Signage · Smoking Behavior and Cessation · Social Psychology