An Empirical Study on Diabetes Depression over Distress Evaluation Using Diagnosis Statistical Manual and Chi-Square Method

Bibliographic Data

ID15467871
AuthorsSohail M Noman (0000-0003-0081-5843, Shantou University), Muhammad Noman Sohail (0000-0001-6914-5505, Shantou University Medical College), Jehangir Arshad (0000-0002-9196-0458, COMSATS University Islamabad), Muhammad Zeeshan (0000-0001-8717-9100, Isra University), Ateeq Ur Rehman (0000-0001-5203-0621, Government College University, Lahore), Amir Haider (0000-0002-1534-061X, Sejong University), Shahzada Khurram (0000-0001-6924-4220, Islamia University of Bahawalpur), Omar Cheikhrouhou (0000-0002-9898-3898, Taif University), Habib Hamam (0000-0002-5320-1012, Université de Moncton), Muhammad Shafiq (0000-0003-0852-7088, Yeungnam University, corresponding author)
Year2021
Volume18
Issue7
Pages3755-3755
Publication date2021-04-03
Peer ReviewedYes
Open AccessYes
TypeARTICLE
VenueInternational Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 1661-7827 • E-ISSN: 1660-4601
PublisherMultidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (PUBLISHER • CH)
DOI10.3390/ijerph18073755
PMID33916851
OpenAlexW3142107962
LanguageEN
References cited47

Diabetes distress is an alternative disorder that is often associated with depression syndromes. Psychosocial distress is an alternative disorder that acts as a resistance to diabetes self-care management and compromises diabetes control. Yet, in Nigeria, the focus of healthcare centers is largely inclined toward the medical aspect of diabetes that neglects psychosocial care. In this retrospective study, specific distress was measured by the Diabetes Distress Screening (DDS) scale, and depression was analyzed by the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and Diagnosis Statistics Manual (DSM) criteria in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients of Northwestern Nigeria. Additionally, we applied the Chi-square test and linear regression to measure the forecast prevalence ratio and evaluate the link between the respective factors that further determine the odd ratios and coefficient correlations in five nonintrusive variables, namely age, gender, physical exercise, diabetes history, and smoking. In total, 712 sample patients were taken, with 51.68% male and 47.31% female patients. The mean age and body mass index (BMI) was 48.6 years ± 12.8 and 45.6 years ± 8.3. Based on the BDI prediction, 90.15% of patients were found depressed according to the DSM parameters, and depression prevalence was recorded around 22.06%. Overall, 88.20% of patients had DDS-dependent diabetes-specific distress with a prevalence ratio of 24.08%, of whom 45.86% were moderate and 54.14% serious. In sharp contrast, emotion-related distress of 28.96% was found compared to interpersonal (23.61%), followed by physician (16.42%) and regimen (13.21%) distress. The BDI-based matching of depression signs was also statistically significant with p < 0.001 in severe distress patients. However, 10.11% of patients were considered not to be depressed by DSM guidelines. The statistical evidence indicates that depression and distress are closely correlated with age, sex, diabetes history, physical exercise, and smoking influences. The facts and findings in this work show that emotional distress was found more prevalent. This study is significant because it considered several sociocultural and religious differences between Nigeria and large, undeveloped, populated countries with low socioeconomic status and excessive epidemiological risk. Finally, it is important for the clinical implications of T2DM patients on their initial screenings

Anxiety · Beck Depression Inventory · Body mass index · Depression (economics · Diabetes mellitus · Distress · Physical therapy · Psychiatry · Psychosocial · Chronic Disease Management Strategies · Clinical Psychology · Diabetes Management and Education · Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins · Medicine · Endocrinology · Internal Medicine

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