Is Multidirectional UV Exposure Responsible for Increasing Melanoma Prevalence with Altitude? A Hypothesis Based on Calculations with a 3D-Human Exposure Model
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 15469744 |
|---|---|
| Authors | Michael Schrempf (Leibniz University Hannover, corresponding author), Daniela Haluza (0000-0001-5619-2863, Medical University of Vienna), Stana Simić (0000-0001-9560-7590, BOKU University), Stefan Riechelmann (0000-0001-8292-0668, Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt), Kathrin Graw (0000-0002-8388-0028, Deutscher Wetterdienst), Günther Seckmeyer (0000-0002-1869-6398, Leibniz University Hannover) |
| Year | 2016 |
| Volume | 13 |
| Issue | 10 |
| Pages | 961-961 |
| Publication date | 2016-09-28 |
| Peer Reviewed | Yes |
| Open Access | Yes |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 1661-7827 • E-ISSN: 1660-4601 |
| Publisher | Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (PUBLISHER • CH) |
| DOI | 10.3390/ijerph13100961 |
| PMID | 27690069 |
| OpenAlex | W2526858913 |
| Language | EN |
| Citations received | 2 |
| References cited | 32 |
In a recent study, melanoma incidence rates for Austrian inhabitants living at higher altitudes were found to increase by as much as 30% per 100 m altitude. This strong increase cannot simply be explained by the known increase of erythemally-weighted irradiance with altitude, which ranges between 0.5% and 4% per 100 m. We assume that the discrepancy is partially explainable by upwelling UV radiation; e.g., reflected by snow-covered surfaces. Therefore, we present an approach where the human UV exposure is derived by integrating incident radiation over the 3D geometry of a human body, which enables us to take upwelling radiation into account. Calculating upwelling and downwelling radiance with a radiative transfer model for a snow-free valley and for snow-covered mountain terrain (with albedo of 0.6) yields an increase in UV exposure by 10% per 100 m altitude. The results imply that upwelling radiation plays a significant role in the increase of melanoma incidence with altitude
Albedo (alchemy · Altitude (triangle · Atmospheric sciences · Climatology · Downwelling · Effects of high altitude on humans · Geography · Geometry · Irradiance · Meteorology · Optics · Physics · Radiance · Remote sensing · Snow · Upwelling · Climate Change and Health Impacts · Environmental Science · Mathematics · Skin Protection and Aging · Urban Green Space and Health · Geology · Oceanography · Radiation
| Unique citing works | 2 |
|---|---|
| Citations per year | 0,29 |
| Citation span | 2019 - 2019 (1) |
| Citation velocity | historical |
| Highly cited | No |
| Citation types | Neutral: 2 |