Development of General Exposure Factors for Risk Assessment in Korean Children

Bibliographic Data

ID15480305
AuthorsHyojung Yoon (0000-0001-6650-0989, University of Seoul), Sun-Kyoung Yoo (National Institute of Environmental Research), Jungkwan Seo (0000-0002-6309-8434, National Institute of Environmental Research), Taksoo Kim (National Institute of Environmental Research), Pyeongsoon Kim (National Institute of Environmental Research), Pilje Kim (National Institute of Environmental Research), Pil-Je Kim (National Institute of Environmental Research), Jinhyeon Park (0000-0002-9181-6739, Daegu Catholic University), Jung Sun Heo (0000-0002-9227-8303, Daegu Catholic University), Jung Heo (Daegu Catholic University), Wonho Yang (0000-0003-2776-5989, Daegu Catholic University, corresponding author)
Year2020
Volume17
Issue6
Pages1988-1988
Publication date2020-03-18
Open AccessYes
TypeARTICLE
VenueInternational Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 1661-7827 • E-ISSN: 1660-4601
PublisherMultidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (PUBLISHER • CH)
DOI10.3390/ijerph17061988
PMID32197312
OpenAlexW3010876838
LanguageEN
Citations received1
References cited20

There has been an increasing need for the risk assessment of external environmental hazards in children because they are more sensitive to hazardous chemical exposure than adults. Therefore, the development of general exposure factors is required for appropriate risk assessment in Korean children. This study aimed to determine the general exposure factors among Korean children aged ≤18 years. We developed the recommended exposure factors across five categories: physiological variables, inhalation rates, food and drinking water intake, time-activity patterns, and soil and dust ingestion. National databases were used, and direct measurements and questionnaire surveys of representative samples were performed to calculate the inhalation rate, water intake, and soil ingestion rate. With regard to the time-activity patterns, the daily inhalation rates ranged from 9.49 m 3 /day for children aged 0-2 years to 14.98 m 3 /day for those aged 16-18 years. This study found that Korean children spent an average of 22.64 h indoors, 0.63 h outdoors, and 0.73 h in-transit on weekdays. The general exposure factors of Korean children were studied for the first time, and these results could be used to assess children's exposure and risk. They also suggest the differences compared with the results of international results

Anesthesia · Biology · Environmental health · Exposure assessment · Ingestion · Inhalation · Inhalation exposure · Risk assessment · Air Quality and Health Impacts · Injury Epidemiology and Prevention · Medicine · Pesticide Exposure and Toxicity · Internal Medicine · Toxicology

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