Can an E-Mail-Delivered CBT for Insomnia Validated in the West Be Effective in the East? A Randomized Controlled Trial

Bibliographic Data

ID15484236
AuthorsIsa Okajima (0000-0003-3494-4328, Waseda University, corresponding author), Noriko Tanizawa (Department of Innovation Laboratories, NEC Solution Innovators, Ltd., Tokyo 136-8627, Japan), Megumi Harata (Public Children Support Center at Adachi-ku, Tokyo 121-0816, Japan), Sooyeon Suh (0000-0003-0644-8634, Sungshin Women's University), Chien-Ming Yang (National Chengchi University), Chien‐ming Yang (0000-0001-8144-8496, National Chengchi University), Shirley Xin Li (0000-0002-7085-1850, University of Hong Kong), Mickey Trockel (0000-0001-7191-5791, Palo Alto University), Mickey T Trockel (Stanford University)
Year2021
Volume19
Issue1
Pages186-186
Publication date2021-12-24
Peer ReviewedYes
Open AccessYes
TypeARTICLE
VenueInternational Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 1661-7827 • E-ISSN: 1660-4601
PublisherMultidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (PUBLISHER • CH)
DOI10.3390/ijerph19010186
PMID35010445
OpenAlexW4200169054
LanguageEN
Citations received2
References cited33

This study examined the effects of an e-mail-delivered cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I), validated in Western countries, on insomnia severity, anxiety, and depression in young adults with insomnia in Eastern countries, particularly Japan. This prospective parallel-group randomized clinical trial included college students with Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) scores of ten or higher. Participants were recruited via advertising on a university campus and randomized to an e-mail-delivered CBT-I (REFRESH) or self-monitoring (SM) with sleep diaries group. The primary outcomes were insomnia severity, anxiety, and depression; secondary outcomes were sleep hygiene practices, dysfunctional beliefs, sleep reactivity, and pre-sleep arousal. All measurements were assessed before and after the intervention. A total of 48 participants (mean (SD) age, 19.56 (1.86) years; 67% female) were randomized and included in the analysis. The results of the intent-to-treat analysis showed a significant interaction effect for insomnia severity, anxiety, depression, sleep hygiene practice, and pre-sleep arousal. Compared with the SM group, the REFRESH group was more effective in reducing insomnia severity (Hedges' g = 1.50), anxiety (g = 0.97), and depression (g = 0.61) post-intervention. These findings suggest that an e-mail-delivered CBT-I may be an effective treatment for young adults with elevated insomnia symptoms living in Japan

Anxiety · Anxiety sensitivity · Arousal · Cognitive behavioral therapy · Cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia · Depression (economics · Injury prevention · Insomnia · Physical therapy · Poison control · Psychiatry · Randomized controlled trial · Safety behaviors · Sleep hygiene · Clinical Psychology · Medicine · Psychology · Sleep and related disorders · Sleep and Wakefulness Research · Youth Substance Use and School Attendance · Internal Medicine

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