Skip to main content

ETHNOS_APP

Home • Search • Journals • List 0

A Shorter Form of the Work Extrinsic and Intrinsic Motivation Scale

Construction and Factorial Validation

Bibliographic Data

ID15510979
AuthorsYasuhiro Kotera (0000-0002-0251-0085, University of Nottingham, corresponding author), Muhammad Aledeh (0000-0002-6831-9005, Wiener Krankenanstaltenverbund), Annabel Rushforth (0000-0001-9031-7586, University of Derby), Nelly Otoo (Department of Human Resources and Administration, Khemas Care Partners, Carson, CA 90746, USA), Rory Colman (0000-0003-4438-9081, University of Derby), Elaina Taylor (0000-0001-5736-7629, University of Derby)
Year2022
Volume19
Issue21
Pages13864-13864
Publication date2022-10-25
Peer ReviewedYes
Open AccessYes
TypeARTICLE
VenueInternational Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 1661-7827 • E-ISSN: 1660-4601
PublisherMultidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (PUBLISHER • CH)
DOI10.3390/ijerph192113864
PMID36360743
OpenAlexW4307548961
LanguageEN
Citations received3
References cited64

While workplace mental health has attracted attention in many countries, work motivation remains under-researched. Research identified that work motivation is associated with many organisational positive outcomes including workplace mental health. One well-recognised measure is the Work Extrinsic and Intrinsic Motivation Scale (WEIMS). Conceptualised on the Self-Determination Theory, this 18-item scale examines six types of work motivation: Intrinsic Motivation, Integrated Regulation, Identified Regulation, Introjected Regulation, External Regulation, and Amotivation. WEIMS can be too long for busy people at work. Accordingly, we constructed and validated a shorter form of WEIMS (SWEIMS), comprising 12 items that evaluate the same six work motivation types. Data collected from two professional samples were analysed to construct and validate the factorial structure: 155 construction workers (138 males and 17 females, Age 40.28 ± 11.05) and 103 hospitality workers (47 males and 56 females, Age 28.2 ± 8.6 years). Correlation analyses and confirmatory factor analyses were performed. Two items from each type were selected based on the strength of correlations with the target WEIMS subscale. SWEIMS demonstrated adequate internal consistency (α ≧ 0.65), and strong correlations with the original version of WEIMS ( r = 0.73) in both samples. SWEIMS confirmatory factor analysis replicated the six-factor model of the original SWEIMS. SWEIMS can be a reliable, valid, and user-friendly alternative to WEIMS

Amotivation · Confirmatory factor analysis · Construct (python library · Hospitality · Intrinsic motivation · Scale (ratio · Self-determination theory · Statistics · Structural equation modeling · Work (physics · Work motivation · Applied Psychology · Computer Science · Engineering · Job Satisfaction and Organizational Behavior · Mathematics · Motivation and Self-Concept in Sports · Psychology · Social Psychology · Workplace Health and Well-being

  • The role of professional leadership and learning motivation in shaping citizenship behavior

    Open Access•Saifullah Saifullah, Hafid Abbas et al.•Social Sciences & Humanities Open•2025

  • The Work Motivation Inventory

    Open Access•Yiou Guo, Jian Li•Journal of Pacific Rim Psychology•2026

  • Development of the Japanese Version of the Original and Short Work Extrinsic and Intrinsic Motivation Scale

    Open Access•Yasuhiro Kotera, Kenichi Asano et al.•Japanese Psychological Research•2024

  • Self-Determination Theory

    Richard M Ryan, Edward L Deci•Self-Determination Theory•2017

  • Self-Determination Theory

    Edward L Deci, Richard M Ryan•Handbook of theories of social…•2012

  • The causal relation between job attitudes and performance

    Michael Riketta•Journal of Applied Psychology•2008

  • The Multidimensional Work Motivation Scale

    Marylène Gagné, Jacques Forest et al.•European Journal of Work and…•2015

  • Using multi‐item psychometric scales for research and practice in human resource management

    Open Access•Mark A Robinson•Human Resource Management•2018

  • Work Extrinsic and Intrinsic Motivation Scale

    Maxime A Tremblay, Céline M Blanchard et al.•Canadian Journal of Behavioural…•2009

  • Business-unit-level relationship between employee satisfaction, employee engagement, and business outcomes

    James K Harter, Frank L Schmidt et al.•Journal of Applied Psychology•2002

  • Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis

    Li‐tze Hu, Peter M Bentler•Structural Equation Modeling: A…•1999

  • Determinants of social desirability bias in sensitive surveys

    Open Access•Ivar Krumpal•Quality & Quantity•2013

  • Construction and factorial validation of a short form of the Self‐Compassion Scale

    Open Access•Filip Raes, Elizabeth Pommier et al.•Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy•2011

  • Intrinsic Motivation and Self-Determination in Human Behavior

    Open Access•Edward L Deci, Richard M Ryan•Intrinsic Motivation and…•1985

  • Construction And factorial validation of a short version of the Academic Motivation Scale

    Open Access•Yasuhiro Kotera, Emma Conway et al.•British Journal of Guidance and…•2023

  • Moral Identity and Developmental Theory

    Open Access•Daniel K Lapsley, Daniel Lapsley•Human Development•2015

  • Construction and factorial validation of a short version of the Attitudes Towards Mental Health Problems Scale (SATMHPS)

    Yasuhiro Kotera, Elaina Taylor et al.•Mental Health Religion & Culture•2023

  • Self-determination theory and the facilitation of intrinsic motivation, social development, and well-being

    Richard M Ryan, Edward L Deci•American Psychologist•2000

  • Self-determination theory and the facilitation of intrinsic motivation, social development, and well-being

    Richard M Ryan, Edward L Deci•American Psychologist•2000

  • Self-Determination Theory in Work Organizations

    Edward L Deci, Anja H Olafsen et al.•Annual Review of Organizational…•2017

  • Are Young Men Getting the Message? Age Differences in Suicide Prevention Literacy among Male Construction Workers

    Open Access•Tania King, Tania L King et al.•International Journal of…•2019

  • Age-Dependent Influence of Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivations on Construction Worker Performance

    Open Access•Nobuki Hashiguchi, Shintaro Sengoku et al.•International Journal of…•2020

  • Mental Health of Japanese Workers

    Open Access•Yasuhiro Kotera, Kenichi Asano et al.•International Journal of…•2022

  • Having to Work from Home

    Open Access•Hannah M Schade, Jan Digutsch et al.•International Journal of…•2021

  • Qualitative Investigation into the Mental Health of Healthcare Workers in Japan during the Covid-19 Pandemic

    Open Access•Yasuhiro Kotera, Akihiko Ozaki et al.•International Journal of…•2022

  • Motivation Types and Mental Health of UK Hospitality Workers

    Open Access•Yasuhiro Kotera, Prateek Adhikari et al.•International Journal of Mental…•2018

  • Positive Psychology for Mental Wellbeing of UK Therapeutic Students

    Open Access•Yasuhiro Kotera, Pauline Green et al.•International Journal of Mental…•2021

  • Ethical Judgement in UK Business Students

    Open Access•Yasuhiro Kotera, Emma Conway et al.•International Journal of Mental…•2018

  • Predicting staff retention from employee motivation and job satisfaction

    Michelle De Sousa Sabbagha, Ophillia Ledimo et al.•Journal of Psychology in Africa•2018

  • Cross-cultural comparison of mental health between Japanese and Dutch workers

    Open Access•Yasuhiro Kotera, Michelle Van Laethem et al.•Cross Cultural & Strategic…•2020

  • Migrant work, precarious work–life balance

    Sarah Dyer, L Mcdowell et al.•Gender Place & Culture•2011

  • Mental Health Promotion in Public Health

    Rosemarie Kobau, Martin E P Seligman et al.•American Journal of Public Health•2011

  • Effects of Questionnaire Length on Participation and Indicators of Response Quality in a Web Survey

    M Galesic, Michael Bosnjak•Public Opinion Quarterly•2009

  • Self-compassion and reactions to unpleasant self-relevant events

    Mark R Leary, Eleanor B Tate et al.•Journal of Personality and Social…•2007

  • The pitfall of experimenting on the web

    Haotian Zhou, Ayelet Fishbach•Journal of Personality and Social…•2016

  • Everything Is Perfect, and We Have No Problems

    Open Access•Nicole Bergen, Ronald Labonté•Qualitative Health Research•2020

  • Testing a continuum structure of self-determined motivation

    Joshua L Howard, Marylène Gagné et al.•Psychological Bulletin•2017

Unique citing works3
Citations per year1,5
Citation span2024 - 2026 (3)
Citation velocitycurrent
Highly citedNo
Citation typesNeutral: 3

Tools

Open DOIOpen Access
Ethnos_APP • Open Source Project • MIT License • Frontend v2.0.0 • Privacy and Cookies • API Documentation: api.ethnos.app/docs • API Source Code: GitHub • DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17049435 • Frontend Source Code: GitHub • DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17050053 • cruz.rio.br • Expectantes Misericordiae