The Influence of Parental Behaviours and Socioeconomic Factors on Offspring’s Precursors of Atherosclerosis

A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies

Bibliographic Data

ID15513631
AuthorsA Silva (0000-0001-7230-6082, corresponding author), Ana Carvalhinho Silva (0000-0002-1054-0831, Instituto Superior da Maia, corresponding author), Filipe Maia (0000-0002-1755-2739, Instituto Superior da Maia), Francisco Estima (0009-0007-5052-9710, Instituto Superior da Maia), Anelise Reis Gaya (0000-0002-8335-6947, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul), Diego G D Christofaro (0000-0001-9917-9992, Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)), J Mota (0000-0001-7571-9181, Universidade do Porto), Luisa Aires (0000-0001-5649-276X, Universidade do Porto), Gustavo Silva (0000-0001-8713-7330, Instituto Superior da Maia, corresponding author)
Year2025
Volume22
Issue12
Pages1791-1791
Publication date2025-11-26
Peer ReviewedYes
Open AccessYes
TypeARTICLE
VenueInternational Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 1661-7827 • E-ISSN: 1660-4601
PublisherMultidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (PUBLISHER • CH)
DOI10.3390/ijerph22121791
PMID41464424
OpenAlexW4416718457
LanguageEN
References cited69

Parents can influence both the behaviours and cardiovascular health of their school-aged children and adolescents. Understanding these effects is essential for developing targeted interventions. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to report existing research findings on the associations between parental lifestyle behaviours, socioeconomic status (SES), and educational level (EDL) and offspring's arterial stiffness (AS) and blood pressure (BP). Following PRISMA methodology, 19 observational studies were selected from the PubMed, Scopus, and EBSCO databases. Inclusion criteria focused on age range, children's AS and BP, parental behaviours, SES, and EDL. The STROBE checklist ensured the quality and reliability of the included studies. The meta-analysis included data from three or more studies. Higher levels of maternal physical activity were associated with lower AS in offspring. Parental smoking was associated with increased AS and higher BP in offspring. The meta-analyses showed that a lower EDL was associated with higher AS in offspring, 0.22 (95% CI: 0.15, 0.29; p p = 0.40) and diastolic ( p = 0.50) BP. Parental behaviours shape offspring's cardiovascular health. Parental physical activity and higher EDL seem to be protective, while parental smoking is associated with adverse outcomes. Further research is needed to clarify these relationships

Blood pressure · Checklist · Cross-sectional study · Inclusion (mineral · Observational study · Physical activity · Socioeconomic status · Systematic review · Birth, Development, and Health · Cardiovascular Health and Disease Prevention · Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet

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