Differences in Race Characteristics between World-Class Individual-Medley and Stroke-Specialist Swimmers
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 15514855 |
|---|---|
| Authors | Tomohiro Gonjo (0000-0001-9118-5167, Bournemouth University), Marek Polach (0000-0002-9531-5130, Palacký University Olomouc), Bjørn Harald Olstad (0000-0002-5670-2269, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences), Michael Romann (0000-0003-4139-2955, Swiss Federal Institute of Sport Magglingen SFISM), Dennis-Peter Born (0000-0002-1058-4367, Swiss Federal Institute of Sport Magglingen SFISM, corresponding author) |
| Year | 2022 |
| Volume | 19 |
| Issue | 20 |
| Pages | 13578-13578 |
| Publication date | 2022-10-20 |
| Peer Reviewed | Yes |
| Open Access | Yes |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 1661-7827 • E-ISSN: 1660-4601 |
| Publisher | Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (PUBLISHER • CH) |
| DOI | 10.3390/ijerph192013578 |
| PMID | 36294159 |
| OpenAlex | W4306920573 |
| Language | EN |
| Citations received | 1 |
| References cited | 3 |
The purpose of the present study was to investigate differences between world-class individual medley (IM) swimmers and stroke-specialists using race analyses. A total of eighty 200 m races (8 finalists × 2 sexes × 5 events) at the 2021 European long-course swimming championships were analysed. Eight digital video cameras recorded the races, and the video footage was manually analysed to obtain underwater distance, underwater time, and underwater speed, as well as clean-swimming speed, stroke rate, and distance per stroke. Each lap of the IM races was compared with the first, second, third, and fourth laps of butterfly, backstroke, breaststroke, and freestyle races, respectively. Differences between IM swimmers and specialists in each analysed variable were assessed using an independent-sample t -test, and the effects of sex and stroke on the differences were analysed using a two-way analysis of variance with relative values (IM swimmers' score relative to the mean specialists' score) as dependent variables. Breaststroke specialists showed faster clean-swimming speed and longer distance per stroke than IM swimmers for both males (clean-swimming speed: p = 0.011; distance per stroke: p = 0.023) and females (clean-swimming speed: p = 0.003; distance per stroke: p = 0.036). For backstroke and front crawl, specialists exhibited faster underwater speeds than IM swimmers (all p p p = 0.028). IM swimmers should focus especially on breaststroke training, particularly aiming to improve their distance per stroke
Front crawl · Geography · Physical medicine and rehabilitation · Physical therapy · Stroke (engine · Underwater · Video recording · Cardiovascular and exercise physiology · Computer Science · Demography · Engineering · Mathematics · Medicine · Psychology · Sports injuries and prevention · Sports Performance and Training
| Unique citing works | 1 |
|---|---|
| Citations per year | 0,5 |
| Citation span | 2024 - 2024 (1) |
| Citation velocity | recent |
| Highly cited | No |
| Citation types | Neutral: 1 |