Skip to main content

ETHNOS_APP

Home • Search • Journals • List 0

Cyberbullying and Mental Health in Adults

The Moderating Role of Social Media Use and Gender

Bibliographic Data

ID15522909
AuthorsKaitlyn B Schodt (University of New Mexico), Selena I Quiroz (0000-0003-1340-3426, Arizona State University), Brittany Wheeler (0000-0003-1847-2607, Arizona State University), Deborah L Hall (0000-0002-4069-5324, Arizona State University, corresponding author), Yasin N Silva (0000-0003-1852-1683, Arizona State University)
Year2021
Volume12
Pages674298-674298
Publication date2021-07-15
Peer ReviewedYes
Open AccessYes
TypeARTICLE
VenueFrontiers in Psychiatry (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 1664-0640 • E-ISSN: 1664-0640
PublisherFrontiers Media (PUBLISHER • CH)
DOI10.3389/fpsyt.2021.674298
PMID34335327
OpenAlexW3186892902
LanguageEN
Citations received14
References cited45

Previous research has identified a link between mental health and cyberbullying, primarily in studies of youth. Fewer studies have examined cyberbullying in adults or how the relation between mental health and cyberbullying might vary based on an individual's social media use. The present research examined how three indicators of mental health-depression, anxiety, and substance use-interact with social media use and gender to predict cyberbullying in adults. In Study 1, U.S. adults recruited through Amazon Mechanical Turk ( N = 525) completed an online survey that included measures of mental health and cyberbullying. Multiple regression analyses revealed significant three-way interactions between mental health, degree of social media use, and gender in models predicting cyberbullying victimization and perpetration. Specifically, for men, depression and anxiety predicted greater cyberbullying victimization and perpetration, particularly among men with relatively higher levels of social media use. In contrast, depression and anxiety were uncorrelated with cyberbullying for women, regardless of level of social media use. Study 2 largely replicated these findings using well-validated measures of mental health (e.g., Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression scale, Beck Anxiety Inventory, Global Appraisal of Individual Needs Substance Use scale) in U.S. adults recruited through Prolific.co ( N = 482). Together, these results underscore the importance of examining mental health correlates of cyberbullying within the context of social media use and gender and shed light on conditions in which indicators of mental health may be especially beneficial for predicting cyberbullying in adults

Anxiety · Context (archaeology · Mental health · Psychiatry · Social anxiety · Social media · Bullying, Victimization, and Aggression · Child Development and Digital Technology · Clinical Psychology · Hate Speech and Cyberbullying Detection · Psychology

  • Cyber Behaviors and Well‐Being in Emerging Adults

    Open Access•Areej ElSayary, Juan Calmaestra et al.•Human Behavior and Emerging…•2026

  • Association of High Levels of Bullying and Cyberbullying with Test Anxiety in Boys and Girls Aged 10 to 16 Years

    Open Access•Alba Rusillo-Magdaleno, Manuel J De la Torre‐Cruz et al.•Education Sciences•2024

  • I feel you

    Open Access•Yelena Mejova, Anya Hommadova Lu•Computers in Human Behavior•2022

  • Gossip 2.0

    Open Access•Ghulam Murtaza, Jean‐Pierre Neveu et al.•Applied Psychology•2023

  • Minimizing Responsibility

    Open Access•Erica R Fissel, Sara L Bryson et al.•Crime & Delinquency•2025

  • How do Researchers Use Social Media for Science Communication

    Open Access•Teck-Ee Keng, Ming-Yu Cheng•Bulletin of Science Technology &…•2023

  • Cyberbullying victimization, media usage habits, and social health among Chinese university students

    Jiabin Fan, Wesley Shrum et al.•Sociological Spectrum•2026

  • Age and Gender Perspectives on Social Media and Technology Practices during the Covid-19 Pandemic

    Open Access•Mary Chidiac, Christopher Ross et al.•International Journal of…•2022

  • Networks of Negativity

    Open Access•D Felmlee, Sara C Francisco et al.•International Journal of…•2024

  • The role of parental attachment, cyberbullying victimization, and resilience in the effect of adverse childhood experiences on social anxiety among college students

    Open Access•Yang Zhang, Liang Liu•BMC Public Health•2025

  • AI can be cyberbullying perpetrators

    Open Access•Weiping Pei, Fangzhou Wang et al.•Technology in Society•2025

  • Digital Dilemma of Cyberbullying Victimization among High School Students

    Open Access•Osama Mohamed Elsayed Ramadan, Majed Mowanes Alruwaili et al.•Children•2024

  • Sex-stratified Correlates of Cyberbullying among Thai Adolescents

    Open Access•Omid Dadras•Journal of Child & Adolescent…•2025

  • Examining the Moderating Effects of Neuroticism and Gender in the Mediation of Deviant Peer Affiliation to Cyberbullying Through Moral Disengagement

    Huiling Zhou, Caiyu Wang et al.•Deviant Behavior•2024

  • A Meta-Analysis of the Predictors of Cyberbullying Perpetration and Victimization

    Open Access•Siying Guo•Psychology in the Schools•2016

  • Measuring cyberbullying

    Open Access•Justin W Patchin, Sameer Hinduja•Aggression and Violent Behavior•2015

  • Why men and women continue to use social networking sites

    Open Access•Hanna Krasnova, Natasha F Veltri et al.•The Journal of Strategic…•2017

  • Systematic review of empirical studies on cyberbullying in adults

    Open Access•Cristina Jenaro Río, Noelia Flores et al.•Aggression and Violent Behavior•2018

  • Cyberbullying in higher education

    Open Access•Lynette K Watts, Lynette Watts et al.•Computers in Human Behavior•2017

  • Separate but equal? A comparison of participants and data gathered via Amazon’s MTurk, social media, and face-to-face behavioral testing

    Open Access•Krista Casler, Lydia Bickel et al.•Computers in Human Behavior•2013

  • Prevalence, Psychological Impact, and Coping of Cyberbully Victims Among College Students

    Allison M Schenk, William J Fremouw•Journal of School Violence•2012

  • Is social network site usage related to depression? A meta-analysis of Facebook–depression relations

    Open Access•Sunkyung Yoon, Mary Kleinman et al.•Journal of Affective Disorders•2019

  • Racial and ethnic differences in bullying

    Open Access•Mariah Xu, Natalia Macrynikola et al.•Aggression and Violent Behavior•2020

  • Sex differences in anxiety and depression clinical perspectives

    Open Access•Margaret Altemus, Nilofar Sarvaiya et al.•Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology•2014

  • Social Media and Depression Symptoms

    Open Access•Simone Cunningham, Chloe C Hudson et al.•Research on Child and Adolescent…•2021

  • Cyberbullying, Depression, and Problem Alcohol Use in Female College Students

    Open Access•Ellen Selkie, Ellen M Selkie et al.•Cyberpsychology Behavior and…•2015

  • Mental Health Disparities, Treatment Engagement, and Attrition Among Racial/Ethnic Minorities with Severe Mental Illness

    Open Access•Jessica Maura, Amy Weisman de Mamani•Journal of Clinical Psychology in…•2017

  • Amazon's Mechanical Turk

    Open Access•Michael D Buhrmester, Michael Buhrmester et al.•Perspectives on Psychological…•2011

  • The CES-D Scale

    Open Access•Lenore Sawyer Radloff•Applied Psychological Measurement•1977

  • Cyberbullying and Children and Young People's Mental Health

    Open Access•Irene Kwan, Kelly Dickson et al.•Cyberpsychology Behavior and…•2020

  • Social Change and Crime Rate Trends

    L E COHEN AND M FELSON•Classics in Environmental…•2010

  • Passive and Active Social Media Use and Depressive Symptoms Among United States Adults

    Open Access•César G Escobar-Viera, Ariel Shensa et al.•Cyberpsychology Behavior and…•2018

  • Social Media Use and Mental Health among Young Adults

    Open Access•Chloe Berryman, Christopher J Ferguson et al.•Psychiatric Quarterly•2017

  • Do Social Network Sites Enhance or Undermine Subjective Well‐Being? A Critical Review

    Open Access•Philippe Verduyn, Oscar Ybarra et al.•Social Issues and Policy Review•2017

  • Bullying in the digital age

    Robin M Kowalski, Gary W Giumetti et al.•Psychological Bulletin•2014

  • The tangled web

    Open Access•Jennifer Loh, Robyn Snyman•Gender in Management An…•2020

  • A meta-analysis of factors predicting cyberbullying perpetration and victimization

    Open Access•Liang Chen, Shirley S Ho et al.•New Media & Society•2016

  • Cyberbullying Victimization and Adolescent Mental Health

    Open Access•Soyeon Kim, Scott R Colwell et al.•Journal of Youth and Adolescence•2018

  • Racial differences in cyberbullying from the perspective of victims and perpetrators

    Robin M Kowalski, Edward Dillon et al.•American Journal of Orthopsychiatry•2020

  • Cyberbullying victimization and its association with health across the life course

    Open Access•Soyeon Kim, Michael H Boyle et al.•Canadian Journal of Public Health•2017

  • An inventory for measuring clinical anxiety

    Aaron T Beck, Norman Epstein et al.•Journal of Consulting and…•1988

  • Risk factors for involvement in cyber bullying

    Open Access•Faye Mishna, Mona Khoury-Kassabri et al.•Children and Youth Services Review•2011

  • Gender differences in depression in representative national samples

    Open Access•Rachel H Salk, Janet Shibley Hyde et al.•Psychological Bulletin•2017

  • Social Change and Crime Rate Trends

    Lawrence E Cohen, M Felson•American Sociological Review•1979

  • Examining adults' participant roles in cyberbullying

    Open Access•Lucy R Betts, Thom Baguley et al.•Journal of Social and Personal…•2019

  • Going Cyber

    Jordana N Navarro, Jordana Navarro et al.•Sociological Spectrum•2012

Unique citing works14
Citations per year3,5
Citation span2022 - 2026 (5)
Citation velocitycurrent
Highly citedNo
Citation typesNeutral: 14

Tools

Open DOIOpen Access
Ethnos_APP • Open Source Project • MIT License • Frontend v2.0.0 • Privacy and Cookies • API Documentation: api.ethnos.app/docs • API Source Code: GitHub • DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17049435 • Frontend Source Code: GitHub • DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17050053 • cruz.rio.br • Expectantes Misericordiae