Morbidity characteristics of pregnant women in Eastern Siberia

BACKGROUND: Among the indicators of women’s reproductive health, morbidity rates during pregnancy hold particular significance. AIM: The work aimed to assess the prevalence of diseases complicating pregnancy in the Irkutsk Region during the period 2005–2023. METHODS: Study design: retrospective descriptive epidemiological study. Data sources: Rosstat databases and statistical digests Key Indicators of Maternal and Child Health, Activities of Child Welfare and Obstetric Care Services in the Russian Federation. Trends in morbidity indicators were identified by analytical smoothing of time series using a linear least squares model with standard Microsoft Office 2007 tools and IBM SPSS Statistics 23. RESULTS: From 2006 to 2023, substantial changes occurred in the pattern of morbidity among pregnant women: the prevalence of genitourinary system infections decreased (by a factor of 1.36 in the Russian Federation and 1.65 in the Irkutsk Region), as did that of circulatory system diseases (by a factor of 1.85 in the Russian Federation and 2.82 in the Irkutsk Region). The prevalence of endocrine system diseases was variable; however, in 2019–2023 it showed a steady upward trend: in the Russian Federation from 9.29% to 11.47%, and in the Irkutsk Region from 11.34% to 13.03%. The most pronounced negative trend was observed for gestational diabetes mellitus: between 2014 and 2023, its prevalence among pregnant women increased sharply—from 1.33% to 11.38% in the Russian Federation and from 1.31% to 13.58% in the Irkutsk Region. CONCLUSION: In the Irkutsk Region and in the Russian Federation as a whole, the first quarter of the 21st century has been marked by a high prevalence of diseases among pregnant women. This underscores the need for further improvement of preventive measures, development of advanced medical technologies for maternal care, and expansion and refinement of screening programs. Particular attention should be given to reducing the prevalence of anemia, endocrine system diseases, and gestational diabetes mellitus

Medical care · Population · Pregnancy · Quarter (Canadian coin · Retrospective cohort study · Russian federation · Statistical analysis · Third trimester · Birth, Development, and Health · COVID-19 Impact on Reproduction · Human Health and Disease · Epidemiology