Carpet‐baggers in the Territories 1861 to 1890

Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image size Notes1. The first suggestions of a trained staff of adminstrators for American dependencies came after 1898. Edward Gaylord Bourne, "A Trained Colonial Civil Service,"North American Review, CLXIX (October, 1899): 528‐29, 534, and Theodore Roosevelt, Colonial Policies of the United States (Garden City, N. Y.: Doubleday, Doran & Co., Inc., 1937.) p. 99.2. Figures derived from lists prepared by the writer on the basis of data in MS commissions, nominations sent to the Senate, and a variety of other sources. The best published list of territorial officials, extending to 1872, is in Clarence Edwin Carter, ed., The Territorial Papers of the United States, I, Preliminary Printing (Washington: 1934.), pp. 4‐33.3. William M. Stewart in Cong. Rec., 50th Cong., Ist sess., July 18, 1888, 6459.4. The following table shows the numbers of residents and non‐residents nominated for governor, secretary, and judge of territories during the period 1861‐1890, by administrations. Residence data from nominations and commissions. Residents Non‐residents Admin. Gov. Sec. Judge Total Gov. Sec. Judge Total 1861‐65 5 6 8 19 13 12 42 67 1865‐69 6 8 8 22 11 11 17 39 1869‐77 6 10 21 37 28 24 40 92 1877‐81 1 2 8 10 10 6 26 42 1881 0 0 0 0 1 0 2 3 1881‐85 2 4 6 12 10 3 21 34 1885‐89 9 2 12 29 3 2 29 34 1889‐90 10 5 14 29 0 0 5 55. Effie R[obinson]Keen, "Arizona's Governors,"Arizona Historical Review, III (October, 1930), p. II.6. McCormick's recommendations for governor in 1865‐66 were from New York also. Sept. 20, 1865, N. Y., Preston King to President; Sept. 23, 1865, N.Y., R. E. Fenton to President; etc., etc. State Dep't App'ts File.7. June 8, 1885, n. p., C. Meyer Zulick to Sen. John R. McPherson. Interior Dep't App't File NO. 234.8. District Attorney G. C. Bates enrolled as a citizen of Utah on being introduced in court. Rocky Mountain News, Dec. 20, 1871.9. E. g., Secretary Nicholas Owings of Washington (1877‐89), appointed from Colorado.10. Dec. 12, 1879, Olympia, Francis Tarbell, chairman Territorial Republican Committee. to T. H. Brents. delegate: Jan. 3. 1880, Olympia, P. P. Canoll to Brents. Int. App't File No. 168.11. Jan. 6, 1865, Santa Fä, W. F. M. Arny to Seward. Territorial Papers, New Mexico, III: 1‐5. Oct. 30, 1861, Denver, B. F. Hall to Seward. TP, Colo., I, 32.12. June 20, 1866, Fort Randall, J. B. S. Todd to Harlan. Johnson papers.13. As secretary of New Mexico, he was court‐martialed for "giving information to the enemy," and made drafts three to four thousand dollars in excess of appropriations, including some for private purposes. Santa Fe Gazette, Oct. 4, 1862, Oct. 18, 1862.14. Gilson absconded with $25,000 of legislative expense funds in 1865. John Hailey, The History of Idaho (Boise: Press of Syms‐York Co., 1910.), III, 167.15. Helena Journal, Sept. 18, 1889.16. April 4, 1885, Nogales, Ariz., C. D. Poston to President. Int. App't File No. 234. April 3, 1882, Cheyenne, F. J. Stanton to John A. Logan. Int. App't File No. 169.17. Sept. 8, 1890, Prescott, L. T. Eggers to Noble. Int. App't File No. 348 (under Murphy). Telegram, Jan. 25, 1884, Boise City, D. Bacon and R. A. Sidebotham to H. H. Bingham, Int. App't File No. 166.18. H. R. 4713. Cf. Requiring the Governors of Certain Territories to be Residents.... Report: [To accompany bill H. R. 4713.], 48th Cong., 1st sess., H. Rep't 477 (Feb. 25, 1884), 1.19. Report: [To accompany bill H. R. 4713.], 48th Cong., Ist sess., S. Rep't 496 (May 2, 1884), 1‐2.20. June 5, 1884. Official Proceedings of the Republican National Convention held at Chicago, June 3, 4, 5 and 6, 1884 (reprint ed.; Minneapolis: Charles W. Johnson, 1903), 93.21. July 10, 1884. Official Proceedings of the National Democratic Convention, held in Chicago, Ill., July 8th, 9th, 10th, and 11th, 1884.... (New York: Douglas Taylor's Democratic Printing House, 1884), 199, 203.22. Jan. 26, 1885, Cheyenne, J. M. Carey to Teller. Int. App't File No. 239. The administration seems to have turned in this direction even before the conventions. Feb. 13, 1884, Washington, [Senator] W. J. Sewell to President. Int. App't File No. 168.23. Oct. 14, 1885, n. p., Mark Hanna, James Savage, and E. P. Alexander to Cleveland; Oct. 17, 1885, Boston, C. F. Adams, Jr., to Lamar. Int. App't File No. 239.24. Rawlins Journal, Feb. 28, 1885; Laramie Boomerang, Feb. 20, 1885.25. June 16, 1885, Washington, Posey S. Wilson to President; April 30, 1886 and June 30, 1886, Cheyenne, W. W. Peck and A. C. Campbell to Secretary of Interior. Int. App't File No. 340. For Warren's public statements on the matter, varying considerably from the offical records, see New York World, June 27, 1889, and Francis Emroy Warren, [Dictation] (unpublished dictation, Bancroft Library; n. p., n. d. [1889 ca.]).26. June 2, 1888, Cheyenne, Baxter to Howell E. Johnson. Int. App't File No. 239.27. Nov. 10, 1886, Leavenworth, Thomas P. Fenlon to President. Int. App't File no. 239.28. Warren, [Dictation]; Report of the Secretary of the Interior for ... 1886, II (Washington: 1886), 830‐831, 834.29. John W. Wade, "Hon. Preston Hopkins Leslie; a Short Sketch of his Life,"Contributions of the Historical Society of Montana, VII (1910), 203‐214.30. Federal Officials in the Territories. Report: [To accompany bill H. R. 2883.], 49th Cong., Ist sess., H. Rep't 2581 (May 25, 1886). It should be noted that Charles E. Boyle, author of the report, was appointed chief justice of Washington in 1888. Cong. Rec., 50th Cong., 2d sess., Jan. 15, 1889, 822.31. June 5, 1888. American Annual Cyclopedia ... 1888 (New York: D. Appleton, 1889), 774.32. Official Proceedings of the Republican National Convention held at Chicago, June 19, 20, 21, 22, 23 and 25, 1888 (reprint ed.; Minneapolis: Charles W. Johnson, 1903), 110.33. Territorial opinion tended to regard resident appointments as provisional grants of self‐government pending formal Congressional action. A banner in the streets of Cheyenne read "Hurrah for Home Rule and Statehood; Vox Populi, Vox Dei; Warren."Cheyenne Daily Sun, April 10, 1889.34. A. H. Vandenberg in Cong. Rec., 73d Cong., Ist sess., June 14, 1933, 5973.35. Cong. Rec., 50th Cong., Ist sess., July 18, 1888, 6459.36. Moses K[imball] Armstrong, The Early Empire Builders of the Great West (St. Paul: E. W. Porter, 1901.), 81‐82.37. Ibid., July 1, 1862, 79.38. N. d. [1874?], n. p. H. J. Gurney et al. to President. Int. App't File No. 138 (under Campbell).39. "The Governorship of Utah,"Tullidge's Quarterly Magazine, II (January, 1883), 18‐20.40. March 8, 1881, Santa Fä, Sam1 W. Bonner to Kirkwood. Int. App't File No. 167.41. March 18, 1881. The Tribune had prophesied of Governor Ordway that "his fidelity to the people will be appreciated when his carpet bag garb is worn out and the people become willing to recognize him as a citizen of Dakota." Feb. 25, 1881.42. Delegate Kinney of Utah in Cong. Globe, 38th Cong., Ist sess., March 17, 1864, 1171.43. William J. Trimble, The Mining Advance into the Inland Empire.... Bulletin of the University of Wisconsin, No. 638, History Series, Vol. 3, No. 2 (Madison: 1914), 220.44. May 9, 1866.45. Quoted in Bismarck Weekly Tribune, June 28, 1878.46. The Minneapolis Tribune commented that "The admission of four new States will give the Northwest the greatest boom it has had for many years. Carpet‐bag rule in not promotive of vigorous development." Quoted in Public Opinion, VI (March 2, 1889), 459.47. Cong., Rec., 48th Cong., Ist sess., April 8, 1884, 2783, 2779, 2780.48. Letter from "An Old Settler,"Colorado Springs Gazette, July 1, 1876.49. Justice Hoyt of Washington argued against appointment of a new man as governor: "The statute law of this Territory is in a mixed condition to such an extent as to make it very difficult for anyone except a sound lawyer familiar with the course of legislation ... to determine just what the law is ..." Dec. 30, 1879, Olympia, John P. Hoyt to Hayes. Int. App't File No. 168.50. March 14, 1877, Bozeman, P. W. McAdoo to Martin Maginnis. Maginnis Papers.51. Bismarck Tri‐Weekly Tribune, April 6, 1878

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