The Calendar in Pre-Islamic Mecca

Bibliographic Data

ID16645258
AuthorsHideyuki Ioh (Tokyo Jogakkan College, corresponding author)
Year2014
Volume61
Issue5
Pages471-513
Publication date2014-07-22
Open AccessNo
TypeARTICLE
VenueArabica (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 0570-5398 • E-ISSN: 1570-0585
PublisherWalter de Gruyter GmbH (PUBLISHER • DE)
DOI10.1163/15700585-12341319
OpenAlexW2021642451
LanguageEN
Citations received2
References cited1

In pre-Islamic times, pilgrimages were made to sanctuaries in various regions of Arabia. Feasts connected with idolatry and annual fairs were held at convenient seasons of the year. To keep all these events in order, a lunisolar calendar was used, and the calendar adjuster of the Banū Kināna was charged with intercalation ( nasīʾ ). They inserted a leap month according to the same cycle as the Jewish calendar. Though it was exceptional, in emergency situations ( e.g . the war of Fiǧār), they would postpone a sacred month, set to guarantee the safety of pilgrims. In the first decade of hiǧra calendar, in fact, three leap months were inserted immediately after ḏū l-ḥiǧǧa of 1/623, 3/625, and 6/628. On the occasion of the pilgrimage lead by Abū Bakr in 9/631, the leap month was not inserted, and in the following year at the Farewell Pilgrimage, Muḥammad formally abolished intercalation. The day that Muḥammad arrived in Medina was, if the account reported by Ibn Isḥāq is correct, 28th June 622, and the battle of Badr was 2 months earlier than in the standard correspondence

Ancient history · Archaeology · Battle · BENGAL · Business · Idolatry · Islam · Judaism · Order (exchange · Pilgrimage · Archaeology and Historical Studies · Historical Astronomy and Related Studies · Historical, Religious, and Philosophical Studies · History · Philosophy · Religious studies · Religious Studies

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