A Theory of the Parts of Speech in Arabic (Noun, Verb and Particle)
A Study in 'Ilm Al-Wad
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 16645465 |
|---|---|
| Authors | Bernard Weiss (0000-0001-8253-2569, corresponding author) |
| Year | 1976 |
| Volume | 23 |
| Issue | 1 |
| Pages | 23-36 |
| Publication date | 1976-01-01 |
| Peer Reviewed | Yes |
| Open Access | No |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | Arabica (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 0570-5398 • E-ISSN: 1570-0585 |
| Publisher | Walter de Gruyter GmbH (PUBLISHER • DE) |
| DOI | 10.1163/157005876x00038 |
| OpenAlex | W1992652286 |
| Language | EN |
| Citations received | 4 |
T HE most fundamental classification of words recognized by the medieval Arab grammarians is the well-known three-fold classification into noun (ism), verb (fi'l) and particle (harf). Said to have been first enunciated in Islam by none other than the Caliph Ali, this classification has remained to the present day a leading principle of Arabic grammar and is regularly set forth in the opening pages of grammar books still used in the Muslim East. Even the Wright-Caspari grammar, taken still to be the classic Arabic grammar in English, treats the three classes of words as ? parts of speech)>, subsuming the parts of speech traditionally recognized in English grammars under them. Thus the adjective and the pronoun are subsumed under the noun, and the adverb, preposition, conjunction and interjection under the particle. Two different methods of distinguishing the three parts of speech from each other were employed by the Arab grammarians. One of them, which we may call the descriptive method, placed the emphasis on observed features (Caldmat, hasais) of the parts of speech, features noted as a result of an inductive (istiqrd'i) examination of specimens, mostly literary, of Arabic, i.e. the kaldm al-'Arab. Thus for Ibn Malik, author of the famous Alfiyya, the distinguishing features of the noun are: the genitive case, the nunation, the vocative, the definite article and the presence of a predicate (musnad) in relation to which the noun is subject. The distinguishing features of the verb are : the suffixal td' (as infa'alta and atat) and ya' (as in ifcalr) and the energetic nun. Words which are distinguished by none of the foregoing features fall, according to Ibn Malik, in the remaining category of particles 1
Adjective · Adverb · Grammar · Linguistics · Noun · Part of speech · Predicate (mathematical logic · Subject (documents · Verb · Computer Science · Historical and Linguistic Studies · Language, Linguistics, Cultural Analysis · Medieval and Classical Philosophy · Philosophy · Artificial Intelligence
| Unique citing works | 4 |
|---|---|
| Citations per year | 0,09 |
| Citation span | 1981 - 2014 (34) |
| Citation velocity | historical |
| Highly cited | No |
| Citation types | Neutral: 4 |