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How Mothers Encourage and Discourage Infants' Motor Actions

Bibliographic Data

ID16782899
AuthorsLana B Karasik (0000-0003-0764-4557, New York University, corresponding author), Catherine S Tamis‐lemonda (0000-0002-9071-4028, New York University), Karen E Adolph (0000-0003-2819-134X, New York University), Katherine A Dimitropoulou, Katherine Dimitropoulou (0000-0002-1949-0885, New York University)
Year2008
Volume13
Issue4
Pages366-392
Publication date2008-07-08
Peer ReviewedYes
Open AccessYes
TypeARTICLE
VenueInfancy (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 1525-0008 • E-ISSN: 1532-7078
PublisherWiley (PUBLISHER • GB)
DOI10.1080/15250000802188776
OpenAlexW2129214805
LanguageEN
Citations received7
References cited44

The content of mothers' emotional, verbal, and gestural communication to their infants was examined under conditions of potential physical risk in a laboratory motor task. Mothers encouraged and discouraged their 12‐ and 18‐month‐old infants to crawl or walk down a sloping walkway. Mothers expressed positive affect on nearly every trial. They rarely expressed purely negative affect in their faces and voices, even when discouraging. Instead, they discouraged infants with a mixture of positive and negative expressions. In both encourage and discourage conditions, mothers coupled their emotional messages with rich verbal and gestural information to elicit infants' attention, regulate their location, guide their actions, and describe the situation and potential consequences of their actions. The content of mothers' communication was attuned to infants' age and locomotor experience

Developmental psychology · Motor activity · Nonverbal communication · Child and Animal Learning Development · Communication · Hearing Impairment and Communication · Language Development and Disorders · Psychology · Social Psychology

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Unique citing works7
Citations per year0,39
Citation span2008 - 2025 (18)
Citation velocityrecent
Highly citedNo
Citation typesNeutral: 5

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