Linkage, Leverage, and Authoritarianism
An Overview of the Collapse of Turkey’s EU Membership Prospect
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 16910341 |
|---|---|
| Authors | Burak Cop (0000-0002-6397-2064, Bahçeşehir University, corresponding author), Kerem Kılıçdaroğlu (0000-0003-1688-6443, TED University) |
| Year | 2021 |
| Volume | 11 |
| Issue | 3 |
| Publication date | 2021-07-01 |
| Open Access | Yes |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | SAGE Open (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 2158-2440 • E-ISSN: 2158-2440 |
| Publisher | SAGE Publications (PUBLISHER • US) |
| DOI | 10.1177/21582440211040783 |
| OpenAlex | W3194928902 |
| Language | EN |
| Citations received | 1 |
| References cited | 19 |
The effects of the linkage and the leverage over countries that either go through a democratic transition or further advance on the democratization path have been widely discussed by comparative democratization scholars. Western leverage designates governments’ level of vulnerability in the face of foreign pressure for democratization, while linkage is meant to be the intensity of the connections and the cross-border streams between a democratizing country and the Western world. It is generally acknowledged that the linkage is a more determinative factor than the leverage. On the contrary, the authoritarian shifts of many countries that took place during the first two decades of the 21st century challenged the optimistic and deterministic role assigned to linkage. Turkey is a noteworthy example in this regard since the intensity of its linkage to Europe could not compensate the negative effects of a declining leverage over Turkish democratization since 2006. The argument that linkage matters more than leverage does not apply to Turkey. The evolution of domestic political regimes in European Union candidate countries in parallel with their accession processes constitutes separate cases differing from one another. Turkey is not only a separate case for its part, but also a unique one
Accession · Authoritarianism · Democracy · Democratization · Development economics · Economic system · Economics · European union · International trade · Political economy · Political science · Politics · Turkish · European Union Policy and Governance · Law · Political Conflict and Governance · Turkey's Politics and Society
Turkish Foreign Policy since 1774
Competitive Authoritarianism
The rise of transactionalism in international relations
Legacies and Leverage
European Union civil society support and the depoliticisation of Turkish civil society
EU external governance in 'wider Europe
The Governance Approach to European Integration
Governmentality and EU Democracy Promotion
Turkey and the European Union
Democracy promotion through functional cooperation? The case of the European Neighbourhood Policy
Turkish Foreign Policy under AKP Rule
EU democracy promotion in the neighbourhood
Transgovernmental networks as catalysts for democratic change? EU functional cooperation with Arab authoritarian regimes and socialization of involved state officials into democratic governance
The promotion of participatory governance in the EU's external policies
Linkage versus Leverage. Rethinking the International Dimension of Regime Change
What Is a Case Study and What Is It Good for
| Citations per year | 1 |
|---|---|
| Citation span | 2025 - 2025 (1) |
| Highly cited | No |