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Validation of the Embarrassment, Guilt, and Shame Scale among veterans seeking treatment for posttraumatic stress disorder

Bibliographic Data

ID17815922
AuthorsAlexander A Puhalla (0000-0003-1570-9533, Coatesville Veterans Affairs Medical Center, corresponding author), Richard Gilman (0000-0002-9256-2996, Protein Metrics (United States)), Kathleen M Chard (Veterans Health Administration), Kathleen Chard
Year2026
Publication date2026-02-05
Open AccessNo
TypeARTICLE
VenuePsychological Trauma Theory Research Practice and Policy (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 1942-969X • E-ISSN: 1942-9681
PublisherAmerican Psychological Association (PUBLISHER • US)
DOI10.1037/tra0002132
PMID41642796
OpenAlexW7128024878
LanguageEN

The EGSS shows promise as a psychometrically sound measure that assesses three distinct NSEs linked to PTSD symptoms. It also offers promise for improving treatment planning by identifying emotional barriers to recovery. However, findings are based on a single veteran sample. Replications with more diverse populations are necessary to strengthen the generalizability and reliability of the EGSS across psychiatric conditions. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved)

Generalizability theory · Posttraumatic stress · Psychometrics · PsycINFO · Shame · Test validity · Forgiveness and Related Behaviors · Mental Health via Writing · Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research

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