The Relationship Between Types of Rap Music and Memory in African American Children

Bibliographic Data

ID18949481
AuthorsPamela D Hall (0000-0003-3273-6429, Hampton University, corresponding author)
Year1998
Volume28
Issue6
Pages802-814
Publication date1998-07-01
Peer ReviewedYes
Open AccessYes
TypeARTICLE
VenueJournal of Black Studies (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 0021-9347 • E-ISSN: 1552-4566
PublisherSAGE Publications (PUBLISHER • US)
DOI10.1177/002193479802800607
OpenAlexW2032015885
LanguageEN
Citations received5
References cited12

Heavy metal and rap music are the two most scrutinized forms of music. Heavy metal music, which features the thundering rhythm of the electric bass guitar and drums, is often characterized by songs that glorify violence, abuse against women, hate, deviant sexual activity, and the occult, notably satanic worship (King, 1987). Rap music also often advocates violence, substance abuse, and sex, but heavy metal music generally advocates rebellion and satanism as well. There are several types of rap music; the most popular are called gangsta, hip-hop, political, and commercial. Each type of rap music has distinguishable characteristics. Gangsta rap contains graphic and derogatory language and advocates vio-lence and the use of drugs. It also contains many obscenities and downplays the importance of women. In this regard, examples of artists whose music is considered gangsta rap are AMG and Snoop Doggy Dog. Hip-Hop rap is a mosaic of jazz, rhythm and blues, and rap music. Examples of artists whose music is considered hip-hop are the Fugees and Heavy D. In contrast, political rap music pertains to Black power struggles and criticism of the police, government, and organized establishments. Examples of artists whose rap music is considered political are Public Enemy and KRS One. Furthermore, commercial/pop rap is mainstream rap that appeals to both African American and European American popula-AUTHOR ’ S NOTE: I would like to thank the Almighty, my family, and the students who assisted in this research

African american · Developmental psychology · Sociology · Anthropology · Diverse Music Education Insights · Music and Audio Processing · Music History and Culture · Psychology

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