Skip to main content

ETHNOS_APP

Home • Search • Journals • List 0

It’s More Than Skin-Deep

Gendered Racial Microaggressions, Skin Tone Satisfaction, and Traumatic Stress Symptoms Among Black Women

Bibliographic Data

ID19003576
AuthorsD R Gina Sissoko (0000-0002-9506-8715, The Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, NY, USA, corresponding author), Jioni A Lewis (0000-0003-1719-4895, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA), Kevin L Nadal (0000-0003-4488-0268, The Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, NY, USA)
Year2022
Volume49
Issue2
Pages127-152
Publication date2022-11-07
Peer ReviewedYes
Open AccessYes
TypeARTICLE
VenueJournal of Black Psychology (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 0095-7984 • E-ISSN: 1552-4558
PublisherSAGE Publishing (PUBLISHER • US)
DOI10.1177/00957984221137957
OpenAlexW4308444859
LanguageEN
Citations received21
References cited64

This study examined the moderating effects of skin tone and skin tone satisfaction on the relations between gendered racial microaggressions and traumatic stress symptoms among self-identified Black women between 18 and 50 years old ( N = 237). It was hypothesized that skin tone and skin tone satisfaction would moderate the relation between gendered racial microaggressions and traumatic stress, such that having a darker skin tone and lower levels of skin tone satisfaction would exacerbate the association between gendered racial microaggressions and traumatic stress symptoms. Results from two hierarchical multiple linear regression analyses indicated skin tone satisfaction significantly moderated the association between gendered racial microaggressions and traumatic stress symptoms, whereas skin tone did not. Findings suggest that skin tone satisfaction may play a bigger role in buffering or exacerbating the link between gendered racial microaggressions and mental health among Black women than skin tone alone. The results can inform future research and clinical practice on the important role of skin tone satisfaction in the link between gendered racial microaggressions and traumatic stress among Black women

Association (psychology) · Psychotherapist · Stress (linguistics) · Tone (literature) · Clinical Psychology · Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research · Psychology · Racial and Ethnic Identity Research · Stress Responses and Cortisol

  • The Longitudinal Association between Gendered Racism and Disease Activity among Black Women Living with Lupus

    Open Access•C L Erving, Rachel Parker et al.•Journal of Health and Social…•2026

  • The impact of the strong black woman stereotype on young Black women's breast cancer perceptions

    Open Access•Brittany Davy, Tara C Marshall et al.•SSM - Qualitative Research in…•2026

  • A Qualitative Description of the Cultural Phenomenon Black Fatigue in Ontario, Canada

    Open Access•Knight, Irene Vitoroulis•Journal of Black Psychology•2026

  • Mothering Black Adolescents

    Open Access•Elizabeth Jelsma, Fatima Varner•Journal of Family Issues•2026

  • Into and Through the School-to-Prison Pipeline

    Open Access•D R Gina Sissoko, Sydney Baker et al.•Journal of Black Psychology•2023

  • Gendered Racial Microaggressions, Self-silencing, Substance Use, and HIV Outcomes Among Black Women Living with HIV

    Open Access•Naysha N Shahid, Sannisha K Dale•AIDS and Behavior•2023

  • Gendered Racial Microaggressions and Emotional Eating for Black Young Adult Women

    Open Access•V Volpe, J Michael Ro et al.•Psychology of Women Quarterly•2023

  • Gendered Racism and Mental Health

    Open Access•Briana N Spivey, Natalie N Watson-Singleton et al.•Sex Roles•2026

  • Effects of Gendered Racial Microaggressions and Racial Private Regard on Cognitive Inhibition in Black Women

    Open Access•M R Ware, Brianna A Ladd et al.•Sex Roles•2025

  • Advancing Toward the Psychology of Black Women

    Martinque Jones, Jioni A Lewis•Women & Therapy•2025

  • Investigating the Effects of Racial Identity on the Relationship Between Black Women’s Endorsement of Eurocentric Beauty Standards and Psychological Health

    Tiffany R Williams, Steven M Sanders et al.•Women & Therapy•2025

  • Autism Is Black Too! Intersectional Experiences With Service Provision for Black Autistic Individuals and Their Families

    Open Access•Brea M Banks, Tyra Jackson et al.•Journal of Social Issues•2025

  • Gendered Racial Microaggressions and Black Women’s Mental Health

    Open Access•C L Erving, Xiao Liu et al.•Sociology of Race and Ethnicity•2026

  • Gendered Racism, Coping, and Traumatic Stress Among Black Women

    Open Access•Anahvia Taiyib Moody, Jioni A Lewis et al.•Psychology of Women Quarterly•2022

  • Critical Reflection, Racial Regard, and Appropriated Racial Oppression in Black Emerging Adults

    Open Access•Keyona A Allen, C T Jones et al.•Journal of Black Psychology•2026

  • Do Racist Attitudes Predict Colorist Attitudes? An Analysis of the Linkages Between Implicit Biases

    Open Access•Andrew Francis-Tan, Jacqueline M Chen•Race and Social Problems•2026

  • Attentional Control Moderates the Relationship Between Race-Related Stress and Emotion Dysregulation in a Highly Trauma-Exposed Population of Black Women

    Open Access•Dominique L La Barrie, Yara Mekawi et al.•Journal of Black Psychology•2025

  • Colorist Microaggressions and Brown Asian Americans

    Open Access•D R Gina Sissoko, Sheharyar Hussain et al.•American Behavioral Scientist•2024

  • Adverse bias experiences

    Open Access•Gail Markle, Gail L Markle•Social Problems•2025

  • Experiences of Black Women Understanding Racial Microaggressions and Identifying Replenishing Healing Practices

    Open Access•Kayla L Wong, Mark A Jackson et al.•Journal of Black Psychology•2025

  • Blood and Bone

    Open Access•Monyae A Kerney, Natalie J Malone et al.•Journal of Black Psychology•2024

  • Understanding Everyday Racism

    Philomena Essed•Understanding Everyday Racism•1991

  • Applying intersectionality to explore the relations between gendered racism and health among Black women.

    Jioni A Lewis, Marlene G Williams et al.•Journal of Counseling Psychology•2017

  • The role of skin color and features in the black community

    Open Access•Angela M Neal, Midge Wilson et al.•Clinical Psychology Review•1989

  • Age-Related Racial Disparity in Suicide Rates Among US Youths From 2001 Through 2015

    Open Access•Jeffrey A Bridge, Lisa M Horowitz et al.•JAMA Pediatrics•2018

  • Psychometric properties of the PTSD Checklist for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders–Fifth Edition (PCL-5) in veterans.

    Open Access•Michelle J Bovin, Brian P Marx et al.•Psychological Assessment•2016

  • Black Beauty

    Open Access•Selena Bond, Thomas F Cash•Journal of Applied Social…•1992

  • Statistical power analyses using G*Power 3.1

    Open Access•Franz Faul, Edgar Erdfelder et al.•Behavior Research Methods•2009

  • Racial microaggressions in everyday life

    Derald Wing Sue, Christina M Capodilupo et al.•American Psychologist•2007

  • Mammy, Sapphire, and Jezebel

    Carolyn M West•Psychotherapy•1995

  • Black Feminist Thought

    Patricia Hill Collins•Black Feminist Thought•2013

  • The Racial and Ethnic Microaggressions Scale (Rems)

    Kevin L Nadal•Journal of Counseling Psychology•2011

  • Looking Deathworthy

    Open Access•Jennifer L Eberhardt, Paul G Davies et al.•Psychological Science•2006

  • Black Beauty

    Open Access•Speshál Walker Gautier•Journal of Black Psychology•2021

  • Gendered racial microaggressions predict posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms and cognitions among Black women living with HIV

    Open Access•Sannisha K Dale, Steven A Safren•Psychological Trauma Theory…•2019

  • The Persistent Problem of Colorism

    Open Access•Margaret Hunter•Sociology Compass•2007

  • A comparison of skin tone discrimination among African American men

    Ekeoma Uzogara, H Lee et al.•Psychology of Men & Masculinity•2013

  • Toward a socially just diversity science

    Open Access•Natalie N Watson-Singleton, Jioni A Lewis et al.•Cultural Diversity & Ethnic…•2021

  • The impact of light skin on prison time for black female offenders

    Open Access•Jill Viglione, L Hannon et al.•The Social Science Journal•2011

  • African American College Women's Body Image

    Open Access•Woody Falconer Jameca, H A Neville•Psychology of Women Quarterly•2000

  • The Effects of System Justifying Beliefs on Skin-Tone Surveillance, Skin-Color Dissatisfaction, and Skin-Bleaching Behavior

    Open Access•Becky L Choma, Becky Choma et al.•Psychology of Women Quarterly•2018

  • The Schedule Of Sexist Events

    Open Access•Elizabeth A Klonoff, Hope Landrine•Psychology of Women Quarterly•1995

  • Sex roles

    Open Access•Phyllis A Katz•Sex Roles•1975

  • Demarginalizing women of color in intersectionality scholarship in psychology

    Open Access•Elizabeth R Cole•Journal of Social Issues•2020

  • Handling Item-Level Missing Data

    Open Access•Mike C Parent•The Counseling Psychologist•2012

  • A Brief Guide to Structural Equation Modeling

    Open Access•Rebecca Weston, Paul A Gore•The Counseling Psychologist•2006

  • Testing a Culture-Specific Extension of Objectification Theory Regarding African American Women's Body Image

    Open Access•Taneisha S Buchanan, Ann R Fischer et al.•The Counseling Psychologist•2008

  • Black women’s experience of colorist microaggressions

    J C Hall, J Crutchfield•Social Work in Mental Health•2018

  • Skin-Tone Trauma

    Open Access•Antoinette M Landor, M Smith•Perspectives on Psychological…•2019

  • Experiencing racial microaggressions influences suicide ideation through perceived burdensomeness in African Americans

    David W Hollingsworth, Ashley B Cole et al.•Journal of Counseling Psychology•2016

  • Gendered Racial Microaggressions and Depressive Symptoms Among Black Women

    Open Access•Marlene G Williams, Jioni A Lewis•Psychology of Women Quarterly•2019

  • Gendered Racial Microaggressions and Traumatic Stress Symptoms Among Black Women

    Open Access•Anahvia Taiyib Moody, Jioni A Lewis•Psychology of Women Quarterly•2019

  • Coping with Gendered Racial Microaggressions among Black Women College Students

    Open Access•Jioni A Lewis, R Mendenhall et al.•Journal of African American Studies•2012

  • Discriminatory Experiences and Depressive Symptoms among African American Women

    Open Access•Verna M Keith, K D Lincoln et al.•Sex Roles•2009

  • Challenging Definitions of Psychological Trauma

    Open Access•Kevin L Nadal, Tanya Erazo et al.•Journal for Social Action in…•2019

  • Gendered racism and the sexual and reproductive health of Black and Latina Women

    Lisa Rosenthal, Michael Lobel•Ethnicity and Health•2018

  • Ain’t I a Woman

    Open Access•Jioni A Lewis, Ruby Mendenhall et al.•The Counseling Psychologist•2016

  • Gendered Racism, Coping, Identity Centrality, and African American College Women’s Psychological Distress

    Open Access•Dawn M Szymanski, Jioni A Lewis•Psychology of Women Quarterly•2015

  • Construction and initial validation of the Gendered Racial Microaggressions Scale for Black women

    Jioni A Lewis, H A Neville•Journal of Counseling Psychology•2015

  • In Defense of Multiplicative Terms in Multiple Regression Equations

    R Friedrich, Robert J Friedrich•American Journal of Political…•1982

  • The role of Afrocentric features in person perception

    Irene V Blair, Charles M Judd et al.•Journal of Personality and Social…•2002

  • Superwoman Schema

    Open Access•Cheryl L Woods-Giscombé•Qualitative Health Research•2010

  • The Moderating Effects of Skin Color and Ethnic Identity Affirmation on Suicide Risk among Low-SES African American Women

    Open Access•Brea L Perry, Danelle Stevens-Watkins et al.•Race and Social Problems•2013

  • What's Your "Street Race"? Leveraging Multidimensional Measures of Race and Intersectionality for Examining Physical and Mental Health Status among Latinxs

    Open Access•Nancy López, Edward D Vargas et al.•Sociology of Race and Ethnicity•2018

  • If You're Light You're Alright

    Margaret Hunter, Margaret L Hunter•Gender & Society•2002

  • The Blacker the Berry

    Open Access•Maxine Seaborn Thompson, Verna M Keith•Gender & Society•2001

  • African American Adolescents and Skin Color

    Open Access•Tracy L Robinson, Janie Victoria Ward•Journal of Black Psychology•1995

  • Is Physical Activity a Buffer? Gendered Racial Microaggressions and Anxiety Among African American Women

    Open Access•Latrice N Wright, Jioni A Lewis•Journal of Black Psychology•2020

  • What's Color Got To Do With It? Skin Color, Skin Color Satisfaction, Racial Identity, and Internalized Racism Among African American College Students

    Open Access•Morgan Maxwell, Joshua Brevard et al.•Journal of Black Psychology•2015

  • A Question of Color

    Open Access•Cheryl A Armstead, James R Hebert et al.•Journal of Black Psychology•2014

  • Microaggressions, Discrimination, and Phenotype among African Americans

    Open Access•Verna M Keith, Ann W Nguyen et al.•Sociological Inquiry•2017

  • A Punishing Look

    Ryan D King, Brian D Johnson•American Journal of Sociology•2016

  • Skin Tone and Stratification in the Black Community

    Verna M Keith, Cedric Herring•American Journal of Sociology•1991

  • The Color Paradigm

    Laura Quiros, Beverly Araujo Dawson•Journal of Human Behavior in the…•2013

  • Perceived Skin Tone Discrimination Across Contexts

    Open Access•Ekeoma E Uzogara, James S Jackson•Race and Social Problems•2016

Unique citing works21
Citations per year5,25
Citation span2022 - 2026 (5)
Citation velocitycurrent
Highly citedNo
Citation typesNeutral: 18

Tools

Open DOI
Ethnos_APP • Open Source Project • MIT License • Frontend v2.0.0 • Privacy and Cookies • API Documentation: api.ethnos.app/docs • API Source Code: GitHub • DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17049435 • Frontend Source Code: GitHub • DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17050053 • cruz.rio.br • Expectantes Misericordiae