Early Life Trauma and Social Processing in HIV

The Role of Neuroendocrine Factors and Inflammation

Bibliographic Data

ID19305940
AuthorsLeah H Rubin (0000-0003-2749-6328, Johns Hopkins University, corresponding author), Deeya Bhattacharya (0000-0001-8459-1781), Joelle Fuchs, Abigail Matthews (0000-0002-1548-2589), Sarah Abdellah, Rebecca T Veenhuis (0000-0002-9899-6277), Scott A Langenecker (0000-0002-7932-5494), Kathleen M Weber, Hans P Nazarloo, Sheila M Keating (0000-0002-8324-3694), C Sue Carter (0000-0001-5056-7740), Pauline M Maki (0000-0002-8443-3430)
Year2022
Volume84
Issue8
Pages874-884
Publication date2022-10-01
Peer ReviewedYes
Open AccessYes
TypeARTICLE
VenuePsychosomatic Medicine (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 0033-3174 • E-ISSN: 1534-7796
PublisherOvid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health) (PUBLISHER)
DOI10.1097/psy.0000000000001124
PMID36044606
OpenAlexW4293917874
LanguageEN
Citations received2
References cited85

OBJECTIVE: Early life trauma (ELT) and HIV are associated with social processing deficits. In people with HIV (PWH), we examined whether facial emotion identification accuracy differs by ELT and whether neuroendocrine factors including cortisol, oxytocin (OT), and arginine vasopressin, and/or immune system measures play a role in the ELT-performance association. METHODS: We used secondary data from the placebo condition of a pharmacologic challenge study in PWH. Presence of ELT was measured with the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (at least moderate experiences of sexual, physical, and/or emotional abuse). Social processing was measured with the Facial Emotion Perception Test (FEPT). Salivary immune system measures and cortisol were sampled across a 5-hour study session. Blood was collected at study session start (12 pm ) to measure OT and arginine vasopressin. We examined the association of ELT with FEPT and five biological moderators (from principal components analysis of 12 biomarkers) of ELT-FEPT associations. RESULTS: Of 58 PWH (42 men; mean [standard deviation] age = 33.7 [8.9] years), 50% endorsed ELT. ELT-exposed PWH demonstrated lower identification accuracy across all emotional expressions (unstandardized β [ B ] = 0.13; standard error [SE] = 0.05; p = .021, d = 0.63) and had higher OT levels compared with ELT-unexposed PWH ( t(1,56) = 2.12, p = .039; d = 0.57). For total accuracy, an OT/C-reactive protein factor moderated the ELT-FEPT association ( B = 0.14; SE = 0.05; p = .014); accuracy was lower in ELT-exposed PWH versus ELT-unexposed PWH when the factor was low but not when high. Similar results were obtained for fearful, neutral, and happy faces ( p values < .05). Regardless of ELT, a myeloid migration (MCP-1/MMP-9) factor was associated with reduced accuracy ( p values < .05). CONCLUSIONS: Our pilot findings suggest that ELT may alter social processing in PWH, and OT and C-reactive protein may be a target for improving social processing in ELT-exposed PWH, and myeloid migration markers may be a target in PWH more generally

Association (psychology) · Developmental psychology · Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) · Vasopressin · Child Abuse and Trauma · Clinical Psychology · Immunology · Internal Medicine · Medicine · Neuroendocrine regulation and behavior · Psychology · Stress Responses and Cortisol

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