Pain-Related Emotions in Early Stages of Recovery in Whiplash-Associated Disorders
Their Presence, Intensity, and Association With Pain Recovery
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 19307795 |
|---|---|
| Authors | Linda Carroll (0000-0003-0876-2336, Western Research Institute, corresponding author), Linda J Carroll, Ying Liu (0000-0001-5584-7805, Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences), Lena W Holm (0000-0001-6415-8673, University Health Network), J David Cassidy (Western Research Institute), Pauline Côté (0000-0002-6986-6676, University Health Network), Pierre Côté |
| Year | 2011 |
| Volume | 73 |
| Issue | 8 |
| Pages | 708-715 |
| Publication date | 2011-10-01 |
| Open Access | No |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | Psychosomatic Medicine (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 0033-3174 • E-ISSN: 1534-7796 |
| Publisher | Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health) (PUBLISHER) |
| DOI | 10.1097/psy.0b013e31822f991a |
| PMID | 21949420 |
| OpenAlex | W2082822727 |
| Language | EN |
| Citations received | 1 |
| References cited | 37 |
OBJECTIVE: Psychological factors such as depression affect recovery after whiplash-associated disorders. This study examined the prevalence of pain-related emotions, such as frustration, anger, and anxiety, and their predictive value for postcrash pain recovery during a 1-year follow-up. METHODS: A population-based prospective cohort study design was used. Self-reported pain-related depression, anxiety, fear, anger, and frustration were assessed using 100-mm visual analog scales (VASs) at 6 weeks after crash in 2986 persons with traffic-related whiplash-associated disorder. Multivariable logistic regression was used to assess the relationship between the intensity of these pain-related emotions and pain recovery at 4 and 12 months after crash. Pain was measured at all time points on a 100-mm VAS, and pain recovery was defined as a score of 10 or lower. RESULTS: Pain-related frustration was the most intense, with a mean score of 52. Only 3% of the cohort reported having no pain-related frustration, and 4% reported no pain-related anxiety. Multivariable logistic regression models revealed that each pain-related emotion increased the risk of failing to recover (odds ratios for each point increase on the 100-mm VAS), ranging from 1.011 to 1.015. Specifically, with each 10-point increase in pain-related emotion, the odds of failing to achieve pain recovery at 4 months was increased by 14% (p < .001) for depression, 15% (p < .001) for anxiety, 11% (p < .001) for fear, 12% (p < .001) for anger, and 11% (p < .001) for frustration. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that it may be beneficial for health care providers to address emotional status related to pain in the first few weeks after a whiplash injury
Medical emergency · Physical medicine and rehabilitation · Poison control · Whiplash · Clinical Psychology · Medicine · Musculoskeletal pain and rehabilitation · Pediatric Pain Management Techniques · Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research · Psychology
| Citations per year | 0.13 |
|---|---|
| Citation span | 2018 - 2018 (1) |
| Highly cited | No |