Philosophical Problems at the Socialist Academy (1918–1925)

The article examines the heterogeneous space of the intensively developing early Soviet Marxist discourse. The author proves that its development in the early years of Soviet philosophical culture was determined not only by political and ideological reasons, but also by internal factors, conditioned by the claim of Marxism as a research strategy to the status of a comprehensive and consis­tent theoretical program. The article demonstrates that the study of the variety of archival materials deposited in the funds of numerous cultural and bureaucratic institutions of that time, as well as the rapidly developing Soviet intellectual pe­riodicals, allows us to conclude that the real picture of the development of Rus­sian philosophy in the early Soviet period was more complex, diverse and in­tense than it is often considered. The author identifies several key “points of tension” (later developed in Western Marxism) characteristic of early Soviet Marxist discourse, which coexisted and competed relatively freely in the cultural space of Soviet Russia: the controversy surrounding R. Luxemburg’s theory of accumulation of capital; the discussions that accompanied the formation and the first stages of the development of so-called neo-Marxism (Georg Lukacs, Karl Korsch) and the related controversy about the philosophical legacy of Vladimir Lenin; disputes about the philosophical and methodological founda­tions of political economy and, accordingly, about its subject and the limits of the application of Marxist theoretical tools to Marxism itself; historical and philosophical discussions about the genesis of classical Marxism

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