Evidence for the efficacy and safety of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) in all populations
A systematic review and meta-analysis
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 19441309 |
|---|---|
| Authors | Lucas Dolatto Milléo (0009-0003-1018-9302, Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa, corresponding author), Erildo Vicente Muller (0000-0003-4643-056X, Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa), Camila Marinelli Martins (0000-0002-8425-5769, Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa), Ariane Gabrielli Massalaka Rublesperger (0009-0004-6830-5553, Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa), Victor Lisboa Ribas (0009-0004-2897-2407, Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa), Gabriela Brasil Silva (0009-0000-4060-1060, Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa) |
| Year | 2026 |
| Volume | 38 |
| Issue | 9 |
| Pages | 1-14 |
| Publication date | 2026-02-02 |
| Open Access | Yes |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | AIDS Care (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 0954-0121 • E-ISSN: 1360-0451 |
| Publisher | Informa UK Limited (PUBLISHER • GB) |
| DOI | 10.1080/09540121.2026.2623037 |
| PMID | 41628281 |
| OpenAlex | W7127080661 |
| Language | EN |
| References cited | 40 |
PrEP (pre-exposure prophylaxis) is a medication used to prevent HIV infection, with the combination of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) and emtricitabine (FTC) being the most commonly used formulation. This review aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of PrEP across various populations based on recent studies. Studies published in English, Portuguese, or Spanish from 2018 to 2023 that provided data on HIV incidence or adverse events (AEs) associated with PrEP use were included. Two meta-analyses were conducted: one for studies with a control group and another for studies including only PrEP users. After the initial search, 1,855 studies were identified, of which 21 met the inclusion criteria. PrEP reduced the HIV infection rate by 76% (RR 0.24, 95% CI 0.19 - 0.30) compared to the control group. In studies that included only PrEP users, there were 179 cases of infection among 19,982 participants, resulting in an approximate infection rate of 1% (95% CI: 0.00 - 0.02). The proportion of general and gastrointestinal symptoms was 34%, sexually transmitted infections (STIs) 69%, other infections 32%, and dermatological AEs 5%. Overall, the findings support PrEP as an effective and safe medication for primary HIV prevention in all populations
Adverse effect · Emtricitabine · Pre-exposure prophylaxis · Tenofovir · HIV-related health complications and treatments · HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions · Reproductive tract infections research
Cabotegravir for HIV Prevention in Cisgender Men and Transgender Women
HIV pre‐exposure prophylaxis for adolescent girls and young women in Africa
Oral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) to prevent HIV
Pre-exposure prophylaxis to prevent the acquisition of HIV-1 infection (PROUD)
On-Demand Preexposure Prophylaxis in Men at High Risk for HIV-1 Infection
Awareness and willingness to use HIV pre‐exposure prophylaxis among men who have sex with men in low‐ and middle‐income countries
Real-life cohort experience after implementing HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis for one year in northwest Spain
Global associations of key populations with HIV-1 recombinants
Awareness, acceptability, and intention to initiate HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis among pregnant women
Mind the gaps
Acceptability of Long-Acting Injectable Cabotegravir (CAB LA) in HIV-Uninfected Individuals
| Highly cited | No |
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