Trajectory Analysis of the Four‐Year Changes in Body Composition and Bone Mineral Characteristics Among Highly Competitive Male University Long‐Distance Runners
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 19459696 |
|---|---|
| Authors | Norimitsu Kinoshita (0000-0002-2210-0892, Faculty of Sports and Health Studies Hosei University Tokyo Japan, corresponding author), Masaya Tokita (Faculty of Sports and Health Studies Hosei University Tokyo Japan), Kenta Okuyama (0000-0001-5540-0325, Center for Primary Health Care Research, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö Lund University Malmö Sweden) |
| Year | 2025 |
| Volume | 37 |
| Issue | 1 |
| Pages | e24179-e24179 |
| Publication date | 2025-01-01 |
| Open Access | Yes |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | American Journal of Human Biology (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 1042-0533 • E-ISSN: 1520-6300 |
| Publisher | Wiley (PUBLISHER • GB) |
| DOI | 10.1002/ajhb.24179 |
| PMID | 39508272 |
| OpenAlex | W4404143562 |
| Language | EN |
| References cited | 48 |
Objectives This study examined long‐term changes in body composition and bone mineral characteristics among male long‐distance runners from a high‐profile university team, focusing on concerns about impaired musculoskeletal development due to extreme leanness and weight management practices in this population. Methods Trajectory analyses were performed using multilevel modeling of 608 dual‐energy x‐ray absorptiometry datasets from 109 runners (mean age, height, and weight of 18.0 years, 171.4 cm, and 56.8 kg at baseline, respectively) collected biannually over 4 years. Results Linear increases in total and regional lean mass (LM) were observed on average, with the increase in leg LM being double that of arm LM (0.07 vs. 0.03 kg per occasion, respectively). Similarly, total bone mineral density (BMD) and content (BMC) exhibited linear growth on average, with BMD accrual being greater in the legs than in the arms (0.004 vs. 0.001 g/cm 2 per occasion, respectively). However, rib BMD and BMC were predicted to decrease. Individually predicted growth rates in total LM were significantly associated with those in total BMD ( r = 0.347, p < 0.001) and BMC ( r = 0.424, p < 0.001). Conclusions These results indicate site‐specific musculoskeletal adaptations to intensive long‐distance running training. Moreover, a random slope model accurately captured the trajectories of most dependent variables, highlighting the heterogeneity of training responses. The predictive models developed in this study offer practical strategies for identifying runners at risk of suboptimal physical development, thereby facilitating the development of personalized conditioning programs
Art · Biology · Bone mineral · Geography · Osteoporosis · Sociology · Trajectory · Body Composition Measurement Techniques · Bone health and osteoporosis research · Demography · Sports Performance and Training · Endocrinology
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| Highly cited | No |
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