Institutional development of organizational culture in the civil service of Kazakhstan

SWOT and Pest diagnostics and modernization mechanisms

Bibliographic Data

ID19491982
AuthorsBinur Taitorina (0000-0002-5663-5473, Zhetysu University named after Ilyas Zhansugurov), Yermek Buribayev (0000-0003-0433-596X, Zhetysu University named after Ilyas Zhansugurov), Leila Zhanuzakova (Turan University), Gulnara Balgimbekova (0000-0003-4405-1339, Karaganda Buketov University), Saule Murat
Year2026
Volume8
Publication date2026-04-24
Peer ReviewedYes
Open AccessYes
TypeARTICLE
VenueFrontiers in Political Science (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 2673-3145 • E-ISSN: 2673-3145
PublisherFrontiers Media SA (PUBLISHER • CH)
DOI10.3389/fpos.2026.1730963
OpenAlexW7156161474
LanguageEN
References cited37

Introduction Modern research in administrative science highlights a persistent gap between normative ethics and actual ethical practices within public organizations. This gap is particularly evident in transitional administrations, where legal modernization, personnel cycles, and digital transformation occur simultaneously. The present study examines institutionalized ethics as an infrastructure of integrity—a coherent configuration of norms, roles, procedures, metrics, and digital transparency that shapes behavior preventively (ex ante) rather than merely sanctioning it after the fact (ex post). Methods The study is based on a mixed research design focused on applied institutional engineering. The empirical base includes: (1) a national survey of Kazakhstan residents ( n = 525, August 2025; all macro-regions of the unitary state); (2) a targeted civil-service sample combining a structured questionnaire and SWOT/PEST elicitations ( n = 54: managers n = 19; non-managerial employees n = 35); (3) institutional analysis of the legal framework and administrative routines (conflict of interest, gifts, post-employment, disciplinary procedures, reporting channels, algorithmic decision-making). Stratified coding, descriptive statistics, and design synthesis were applied. Results The SWOT analysis revealed the core values of ethical culture (public service, collegial cooperation) and its main weaknesses: procedural formalism, uneven law enforcement, and the vulnerability of reporting routines. The PEST analysis clarified the external drivers—from the politico-legal agenda emphasizing service orientation and economic constraints affecting HRM practices to technological acceleration, which enhances transparency but introduces new risks (algorithmic opacity, data bias, cyber threats). Discussion The study demonstrates that the institutional architecture of ethical culture requires systemic integration of legal doctrine, organizational behavior, and digital governance. The developed model proposes measurable and adaptable modernization modules (E-KPI, SLA, digital ethics audits) applicable in jurisdictions that combine legal reforms with algorithmic governance. It is designed for monitoring and gradual scaling, compatible with public accountability standards. Given the modest size of the civil-service expert sample ( n = 54), external validity is limited and the findings should be interpreted as exploratory and design-oriented. The emphasis is placed on scope and conceptual verification; future research should establish causal links between specific mechanisms (e.g., SLA discipline, algorithm audits) and behavioral changes in reporting and disciplinary outcomes

Discipline · Institutional analysis · Institutional theory · Modernization theory · Organizational culture · Qualitative comparative analysis · SWOT Analysis · Legal, Health, Environmental and COVID-19 Challenges · Organizational Strategy and Culture · Strategic Planning and Analysis

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Open DOIOpen Access