Unlocking colonial records with Artificial Intelligence. Achieving the automated transcription of large-scale 16th and 17th-century Latin American historical collections
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 19553750 |
|---|---|
| Authors | Patricia Murrieta Flores (0000-0001-9904-0288, Lancaster University, corresponding author), Rodrigo Vega-Sánchez, Rodrigo Vega‐Sánchez (0000-0002-2405-9045, Lancaster University), Alexander Sánchez-Diaz (University of Alicante), Héctor Francisco Cruz-Ríos (Ciudad de México) |
| Year | 2025 |
| Volume | 11 |
| Issue | 1 |
| Publication date | 2025-12-31 |
| Peer Reviewed | Yes |
| Open Access | Yes |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | STAR Science & Technology of Archaeological Research (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 2054-8923 • E-ISSN: 2054-8923 |
| Publisher | Informa UK Limited (PUBLISHER • GB) |
| DOI | 10.1080/20548923.2025.2484828 |
| OpenAlex | W4408959748 |
| Language | EN |
| References cited | 15 |
Between the 16th and 18th centuries, Spanish and Indigenous people produced millions of colonial documents in diverse calligraphic styles in Latin American territories. Accessing their rich information requires specialised palaeographic skills and often indigenous language expertise. Recent advancements in Machine Learning offer promising solutions to these challenges. This study developed two computational methods: (1) a historical document classifier using Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) and Support Vector Machines (SVMs), and (2) Handwritten Text Recognition (HTR) models trained on 16th- and 17th-century Spanish manuscripts via Transkribus. The classifier achieved high accuracy, with F1 scores over 90% for most calligraphic styles, while HTR models produced competitive Character Error Rates, notably 5.25% for Redonda, 8.92% for Itálica Cursiva and 14.15% Procesal Simple. These automated tools are now allowing us to transform previously “unreadable” archives into accessible data. This means that soon, Latin American archives and libraries will be able to unlock centuries of historical information
Archaeology · Cartography · Colonialism · Geography · Latin Americans · Linguistics · Handwritten Text Recognition Techniques · History · Image Processing and 3D Reconstruction · Natural Language Processing Techniques
| Citation velocity | historical |
|---|---|
| Highly cited | No |