WRF-Chem quantification of transport events and emissions sensitivity in Korea during Korus-AQ
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 19568406 |
|---|---|
| Authors | Beiming Tang (University of Iowa), Pablo E Saide (0000-0002-3879-7962, University of California, Los Angeles), Meng Gao (0000-0002-8657-3541, Hong Kong Baptist University), Gregory R Carmichael (0000-0001-8097-3475, University of Iowa), Charles O Stanier (0000-0001-9924-0853, University of Iowa) |
| Year | 2023 |
| Volume | 11 |
| Issue | 1 |
| Publication date | 2023-05-30 |
| Peer Reviewed | Yes |
| Open Access | Yes |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | Elementa Science of the Anthropocene (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 2325-1026 • E-ISSN: 2325-1026 |
| Publisher | University of California Press (PUBLISHER • US) |
| DOI | 10.1525/elementa.2022.00096 |
| OpenAlex | W4381537445 |
| Language | EN |
| References cited | 48 |
To quantify the relative roles of long-range transport (LRT) versus locally emitted aerosol and ozone precursors during polluted periods in Korea, high-resolution (4 km) Weather Research and Forecasting with Chemistry model simulations were performed. The model was evaluated using surface and airborne observations collected during the KORea and United States Air Quality campaign. Ozone above 40 ppb had mean bias of −5.9 ppb. PM2.5 was biased high (8.2 μg/m3), with a relative bias of 30% given the mean observed value of 26.8 μg/m3. The absolute amounts and shifts between phases for all PM2.5 species except nitrate reasonably match observations across all 4 phases. Notable limitations include an underestimation of nighttime planetary boundary layer height. Transport versus domestic emissions influence was studied by model runs with perturbed emissions and by comparing east-west fluxes over the Yellow Sea to Korean emissions and other normalization metrics. Domestic anthropogenic emission contributions to surface air quality were quantified by location across Korea, segregated by synoptic meteorological phase. The largest contributions from Korean emissions were found under high-pressure stagnant conditions and the smallest for conditions with strong westerly winds. For example, at Seoul, domestic contributions of PM2.5 averaged 49% and 29% in the aforementioned meteorological phases, respectively. Surface concentrations of NOx and toluene in Seoul were over 85% due to domestic emissions. CO and black carbon had both local and remote contributions. Nitrate and ammonium contributions varied greatly by phases in Seoul, with 7%–51% nitrate and 42%–70% of ammonium from remote sources. Variation in direction (west-to-east vs. east-to-west) and magnitude of fluxes support the model sensitivity results. Analysis using fluxes facilitates the quantification of source contributions for secondary species and, in many cases, can be done using a single model run or reanalysis result. The analysis presented shows the importance of using models with high spatial resolution to capture pollutant transport and mixing around Korea. However, there remain uncertainties in secondary aerosol production mechanisms and indications that local production at times could be higher than those modeled in this analysis. Therefore, the results presented here should be viewed as an upper limit on the importance of LRT
Aerosol · Air quality index · Atmospheric sciences · Chemical transport model · Climatology · Combustion · Geography · Meteorology · Nitrate · NOx · Ozone · Weather Research and Forecasting Model · Air Quality and Health Impacts · Atmospheric aerosols and clouds · Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols · Chemistry · Environmental Science
Noaa’s HYSPLIT Atmospheric Transport and Dispersion Modeling System
The integrated WRF/urban modelling system
Fully coupled “online” chemistry within the WRF model
Characterization, sources and reactivity of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in Seoul and surrounding regions during Korus-AQ
Observation-based modeling of ozone chemistry in the Seoul metropolitan area during the Korea-United States Air Quality Study (Korus-AQ)
Factors controlling surface ozone in the Seoul Metropolitan Area during the Korus-AQ campaign
Investigation of factors controlling PM2.5 variability across the South Korean Peninsula during Korus-AQ
Evaluation of simulated O3 production efficiency during the Korus-AQ campaign
Meteorology influencing springtime air quality, pollution transport, and visibility in Korea
Multi-model intercomparisons of air quality simulations for the Korus-AQ campaign
The Korea–United States Air Quality (Korus-AQ) field study
| Citation velocity | historical |
|---|---|
| Highly cited | No |