Shipping and the environment
Smokestack emissions, scrubbers and unregulated oceanic consequences
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 19568993 |
|---|---|
| Authors | David R Turner (0000-0002-2891-2664, University of Gothenburg), Ida-Maja Hassellöv, Ida‐Maja Hassellöv (0000-0003-3216-0597, Chalmers University of Technology), Erik Ytreberg (0000-0001-6008-6529, Chalmers University of Technology), Anna Rutgersson (0000-0001-7656-1881, Uppsala University) |
| Editors | Jody W Deming, Lisa A Miller (0000-0001-9726-3744, Fisheries and Oceans CA) |
| Year | 2017 |
| Volume | 5 |
| Publication date | 2017-01-01 |
| Peer Reviewed | Yes |
| Open Access | Yes |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | Elementa Science of the Anthropocene (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 2325-1026 • E-ISSN: 2325-1026 |
| Publisher | University of California Press (PUBLISHER • US) |
| DOI | 10.1525/elementa.167 |
| OpenAlex | W2743737150 |
| Language | EN |
| Citations received | 5 |
| References cited | 25 |
While shipping has long been recognised as a very carbon-efficient transport medium, there is an increasing focus on its broader environmental consequences. The International Maritime Organisation is responsible for the regulation of ship emissions arising from fuel combustion. Their current regulations are, however, much less strict than those applying to land-based transport within the European Union. Five different groups of pollutant emission from ship smokestacks are addressed in this paper: sulphur oxides, nitrogen oxides, particulate matter, organic matter and metals. The reduction of sulphur oxide emissions into the atmosphere using scrubber technology adds another dimension to the discussion, as this approach results in focused discharge of some pollutants to the surface water. A scoping calculation shows that an open-loop scrubber on a medium-sized ship could discharge more copper and zinc daily to the surface water than the ship’s antifouling paint. The use of antifouling paint in the European Union is subject to a prior risk assessment, but scrubber discharges are not subject to any such risk assessment. This situation presents a problem from the perspective of the Marine Strategy Framework Directive, as environmental monitoring programmes in some coastal areas of the Baltic Sea have shown that levels of both copper and zinc exceed environmental quality standards. To fulfil the Marine Strategy Framework Directive requirements and achieve Good Environmental Status, having knowledge of the magnitude of different anthropogenic pressures is important. Metal inputs from open-loop scrubbers have been largely neglected until now: some metals have the potential to serve as tracers for monitoring scrubber discharges
Business · Directive · Environmental impact assessment · Environmental planning · Environmental protection · Environmental resource management · European union · Particulates · Pollutant · Scrubber · Waste management · Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols · Chemistry · Computer Science · Engineering · Environmental Science · Maritime Navigation and Safety · Maritime Transport Emissions and Efficiency · Ecology · Environmental Engineering
Shipping fuel pathways in a changing climate
Strong economic incentives of ship scrubbers promoting pollution
Perspectives on shipping emissions and their impacts on the surface ocean and lower atmosphere
The potential future contribution of shipping to acidification of the Baltic Sea
Framework for the environmental impact assessment of operational shipping
| Unique citing works | 5 |
|---|---|
| Citations per year | 0,63 |
| Citation span | 2018 - 2025 (8) |
| Citation velocity | recent |
| Highly cited | No |
| Citation types | Neutral: 4 |