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Human development, societal stability and bird capital predict global tourist eBirding activity

Bibliographic Data

ID19583153
AuthorsNatalia Ocampo-Peñuela (0000-0002-5120-7226, University of California, Santa Cruz, corresponding author), Sam de Alfaro (0009-0007-6590-5766, New York University), Montague H C Neate‐Clegg (0000-0001-9753-6765, University of California, Santa Cruz), Luca de Alfaro (0000-0003-3856-4576, University of California, Santa Cruz), Katarina Bjegovic (0009-0007-5656-2503, University of California, Santa Cruz), R Scott Winton (0000-0002-9048-9342, University of California, Santa Cruz)
Year2025
Volume7
Issue10
Pages2486-2499
Publication date2025-10-01
Peer ReviewedYes
Open AccessYes
TypeARTICLE
VenuePeople and Nature (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 2575-8314 • E-ISSN: 2575-8314
PublisherWiley (PUBLISHER • GB)
DOI10.1002/pan3.70105
OpenAlexW4413740880
LanguageEN
Citations received1
References cited62

Birdwatching tourism is one of the fastest growing sectors within nature‐based tourism. This specialized form of ecotourism has the potential to bring economic and conservation benefits to tropical countries, which house the richest avifaunas, but little is known about the factors driving birdwatchers' decisions about which country to visit when they travel abroad. We assessed the growth of birdwatching tourism from 2010 to 2022 using data from the community‐science platform eBird. We then used a Bayesian hierarchical model to evaluate the factors that predict variation in eBirding tourism rates, including bird capital (total and small‐range species richness) and socio‐economic factors (Global Peace Index and Human Development Index) for 155 countries. Our results suggest that overall species richness and relative small‐range species richness are positive predictors of eBirding tourism activity, as are the Human Development Index and relative societal stability. Our findings highlight cases that illustrate the observed disparities among countries and make recommendations on how nations with unrealized potential can accrue economic and conservation benefits from birdwatching tourism. Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog

Business · Economic geography · Economics · Geography · Tourism · Computer Science · Diverse Aspects of Tourism Research · Environmental Education and Sustainability · Recreation, Leisure, Wilderness Management

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Unique citing works1
Citations per year1
Citation span2026 - 2026 (1)
Citation velocitycurrent
Highly citedNo
Citation typesNeutral: 1

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