Investigation of Yellow Fever Virus Exposure in Ex Situ Buffy-tufted-ear Marmosets (Callithrix aurita) and Free-living Invasive Hybrids (Callithrix sp.) in Atlantic Forest Fragments, Southeast Brazil

Wildlife surveillance is an important tool to inform the epidemiological investigation of a disease event (World Organization for Animal Health & IUCN, 2024 ). Yellow fever is an arboviral disease of great relevance to primates and public health. Between 2016 and 2018, Brazil’s southeastern region experienced the most important yellow fever epidemic and epizootic in nonhuman primates in the country in 80 years of records (Mares-Guia et al., 2020 ). Although howler monkeys ( Alouatta spp.) are described as the primate species most susceptible to yellow fever virus, tamarins ( Leontopithecus spp.), and marmosets ( Callithrix spp., including the Endangered C. aurita ), have also been affected during epizootics in southeastern Brazil (Silva et al., 2020 ). C. aurita is included in the National Action Plan for the Conservation of Atlantic Forest Primates and the Maned Sloth (PAN-PPMA), directed by the Brazilian Ministry of the Environment and Climate Change, which includes disease evaluation for Atlantic Forest primates

Animal ecology · Atlantic forest · Clade · Hybrid · Virus · Yellow fever · Mosquito-borne diseases and control · Vector-borne infectious diseases · Zoonotic diseases and public health