Skip to main content

ETHNOS_APP

Home • Search • Journals • List 0

Unequal Freedom

How Race and Gender Shaped American Citizenship and Labor

Bibliographic Data

ID19944151
AuthorsEvelyn Nakano Glenn (corresponding author)
Year2004
Pages320
Publication date2004-12-31
Open AccessNo
TypeBOOK
Reviewed byUnequal Freedom: How Race and Gender Shaped American Citizenship and Labor, Kate Masur, 2004
Reviewed byUnequal Freedom: How Race and Gender Shaped American Citizenship and Labor, Edna Bonacich, 2003
Reviewed byUnequal Freedom: How Race and Gender Shaped American Citizenship and Labor, Donna R Gabaccia, 2003
VenueUnequal Freedom (SOURCE_BOOK)
PublisherHarvard University Press (PUBLISHER • US)
DOI10.4159/9780674037649
OpenAlexW4298375875
Open LibraryOL29569827M
ISBN9780674037649
LanguageEN
Citations received311

The inequalities that persist in America have deep historical roots. Evelyn Nakano Glenn untangles this complex history in a unique comparative regional study from the end of Reconstruction to the eve of World War II. During this era the country experienced enormous social and economic changes with the abolition of slavery, rapid territorial expansion, and massive immigration, and struggled over the meaning of free labor and the essence of citizenship as people who previously had been excluded sought the promise of economic freedom and full political rights. After a lucid overview of the concepts of the free worker and the independent citizen at the national level, Glenn vividly details how race and gender issues framed the struggle over labor and citizenship rights at the local level between blacks and whites in the South, Mexicans and Anglos in the Southwest, and Asians and haoles (the white planter class) in Hawaii. She illuminates the complex interplay of local and national forces in American society and provides a dynamic view of how labor and citizenship were defined, enforced, and contested in a formative era for white-nonwhite relations in America

Citizenship · Development economics · Immigration · Inequality · Meaning (existential) · Political economy · Political science · Politics · Sociology · White (mutation) · Gender Studies · Law · Race, History, and American Society · Alien labor · Arbeitswelt · Burgerschap · Citoyenneté · Civil rights · Economic conditions · employment · Foreign workers · Gesellschaft · History · Immigranten · Immigrantes · Immigrants · Minorités · Minorities · Minorities, employment · race relations · Rassenbeziehung · Social conditions · Travail · united states · Vrouwen · Women alien labor · Women foreign workers

  • A DuBoisian Approach to Civic Education

    Open Access•M D Nelsen•The Journal of Race Ethnicity and…•2026

  • Black Technological Thought in the Civil Rights Era

    Open Access•Anabella Afra Boateng•Sociological Forum•2026

  • The Impacts of Worktime Control in Context

    Open Access•Jackie Stein•SAGE Open•2015

  • Género, trabajo y desigualdades sociales en peluquerías y salones de belleza de Bogotá

    Open Access•Luz Gabriela Arango Gaviria, Javier A Pineda D et al.•Revista CS•2012

  • Género, trabajo emocional y corporal en peluquerías y salones de belleza

    Open Access•Luz Gabriela Arango Gaviria•La Manzana de la Discordia•2016

  • Debating the viability of ethnicity

    Open Access•Vilna Bashi•New West Indian Guide / Nieuwe…•2004

  • Millionaire mobility and the sale of citizenship

    Kristin Surak•New Community•2021

  • A 'master status' or the 'final straw'? Assessing the role of immigration status in Latino undocumented youths' pathways out of school

    L E Enriquez•New Community•2017

  • Forced migrants and secure belonging

    Michelle S Dromgold-Sermen•New Community•2022

  • Creating hierarchies of noncitizens

    Erin Aeran Chung•New Community•2020

  • Soldiers and Wayward Women

    David Cook Martins, David Cook Martín•Citizenship Studies•2006

  • Regulating membership and movement at the meso-level

    Erin Aeran Chung, Darcie Draudt et al.•Citizenship Studies•2020

  • Building political agency and movement leadership

    J J Chun•Citizenship Studies•2016

  • I have so many successful stories

    Stephanie J Nawyn•Citizenship Studies•2011

  • Contending with neo-classical patriarchal bargain

    I Kim, Zoua M Vang•Citizenship Studies•2020

  • More than a paycheck

    Tina Wu•Citizenship Studies•2016

  • True colors of global economy

    Open Access•Pavithra Prasad•Organization•2023

  • To what world am I being released to

    Sonia D’angelo•Social Identities•2016

  • Tomboy as Protective Identity

    Traci Y Craig, Traci Craig et al.•Journal of Lesbian Studies•2011

  • Children and the Feminist Ethic of Care

    Open Access•Tom Cockburn•Childhood•2005

  • Challenges to Children's Independent Citizenship

    Open Access•Leiter, Valerie Leiter et al.•Childhood•2006

  • The Gender-Crime Convergence across Race-Ethnicities

    Ting Wang, Cindy Brooks Dollar•Women & Criminal Justice•2026

  • Teaching Race at Historically White Colleges and Universities

    Open Access•David L Brunsma, Eric S Brown et al.•Critical Sociology•2013

  • Precarity and the Predatory Inclusion of Black Women by For-Profit Colleges

    Open Access•Caleb E Dawson•Critical Sociology•2024

  • We Must Demonstrate Intolerance toward the Intolerant

    Open Access•Jessica Brown, Jessica Autumn Brown•Critical Sociology•2016

  • Get Used to How You Are

    Open Access•Katherine Eva Maich•Critical Sociology•2025

  • School as a Hostile Institution

    Open Access•Ranita Ray•Gender & Society•2022

  • Doing Intersectionality

    Open Access•Éléonore Lépinard•Gender & Society•2014

  • Escalator or Step Stool? Gendered Labor and Token Processes in Tech Work

    Open Access•Sharla Alegria•Gender & Society•2019

  • Lesbianas in the Borderlands

    Open Access•Katie L Acosta•Gender & Society•2008

  • An Interlocking Panethnicity

    Open Access•Dana Y Nakano•Sociological Perspectives•2013

  • Constructing a Language Problem

    Open Access•Kevin Estep•Sociological Perspectives•2017

  • From industrial to digital citizenship

    Open Access•Federico Tomasello•Theory and Society•2023

  • Elite Versus Grassroots

    Open Access•Melissa F Weiner•Sociological Quarterly•2009

  • Intersectionality

    Open Access•Zandria Felice Robinson•Handbook of Contemporary…•2016

  • Noncitizenism

    Open Access•Tendayi Bloom•Noncitizenism•2017

  • Claiming Freedom

    Open Access•Karen Cook Bell•Claiming Freedom•2018

  • Ethnographic Approaches to the Study of Political Participation

    Arnab Chakraborty, Paul Lichterman•Oxford Handbook of Political…•2022

  • Rights Claiming in South Korea

    Open Access•Celeste L Arrington, Patricia Goedde•Rights Claiming in South Korea•2021

  • Muslim American Double Consciousness

    Open Access•Ishrat Islam, Inaash Islam•Du Bois Review Social Science…•2020

  • Intersectionality as Critical Inquiry

    Open Access•Patricia Hill Collins•Companion to Feminist Studies•2020

  • Differential Being and Emergent Agitation

    Mel Y Chen•Crip Genealogies•2023

  • Spaces between Fields

    Gil Eyal•Bourdieu and historical analysis•2012

  • The Problem of Generation

    Eiichiro Azuma•Between two empires•2005

  • The Stare Decisis of Racial Inequality

    Open Access•William L Moore, Wendy Leo Moore•Critical Sociology•2014

  • Dispossessory Citizenship

    Open Access•Peter Kent-Stoll•Social Problems•2024

  • Call-In, Call-Out, Care, and Cool Rationality

    Open Access•M Ortiz•Social Problems•2023

  • Practicing Intersectionality in Spain

    Open Access•Pilar Goñalons Pons, Myra Marx Ferree•Quaderns de Psicologia•2014

  • Race and Ideology in a Pandemic

    Open Access•Nicholas Vargas, G C Mora et al.•Social Problems•2023

  • To Secure These Rights

    Open Access•Maritza De La Trinidad•Western Historical Quarterly•2018

  • The Influence of Organizational Aspects of the U.S. Agricultural Industry and Socioeconomic and Political Conditions on Farmworkers’ Covid-19 Workplace Safety

    Open Access•Fabiola Perez-Lua, Fabiola M Perez-Lua et al.•International Journal of…•2023

  • Race and Ethnic Consciousness

    Open Access•Steven J Gold, Paula K Miller et al.•The Blackwell Encyclopedia of…•2015

  • Feminist Methodology

    Open Access•Nancy A Naples•The Blackwell Encyclopedia of…•2017

  • Racial and Ethnic Consciousness

    Open Access•Steven J Gold•The Blackwell Encyclopedia of…•2023

  • Stretching the concept of citizenship in Spain on the threshold of the 21st Century

    Open Access•Aitor Ibarrola-Armendariz, Aitor Ibarrola Armendáriz et al.•Cuadernos Europeos de Deusto•2013

  • Imaginarios Espaciales e Identidad Colectiva en las Luchas por los Derechos Humanos de las Mujeres en Honduras

    Open Access•Maaret Jokela-Pansini•Revista Latino-americana de…•2020

  • ‘Following the Line of Least Resistance’

    Open Access•Taylor Simsovic•Armstrong Undergraduate Journal…•2023

  • No son las criaturas, es la Academia! Brechas salariales de género y carrera investigadora en la Universidad

    Open Access•Teresa Samper Gras, Marcela Isabel Jabbaz Churba et al.•Asparkía Investigació feminista•2021

  • The Geopolitics of Citizenship

    Sheena Chestnut Greiten, Sheena Chestnut Greitens•The journal of Korean studies•2021

  • Alienated dependence

    Open Access•Tatiana Llaguno•Journal of Social Philosophy•2025

  • From Alien Labor to Meritorious Citizen

    Eujin Park, Gabrielle Orum Hernández et al.•Equity & Excellence in Education•2026

  • Theories of learning as theories of society

    Thomas M Philip, Pratim Sengupta•Journal of the Learning Sciences•2021

  • More than “male” and “female”

    Open Access•Shon M Reed, Melissa L Rorie et al.•Crime Law and Social Change•2023

  • Å løse problemet med «rase»

    L Wacquant•Nytt Norsk Tidsskrift•2022

  • Toward a Sociology of Contract

    Open Access•Greta R Krippner, Greta Krippner et al.•Journal of Law and Political…•2024

  • Red Counties, Blue Counties, and Occupational Segregation by Sex and Race

    Rory Mcveigh, Juliana M Sobolewski•American Journal of Sociology•2007

  • “White Privilege . . . Is Not an Organizing Strategy”

    Open Access•C Russo•Sociology of Race and Ethnicity•2025

  • Unfree shipping

    Open Access•Jake Alimahomed-Wilson•Work Organisation Labour &…•2019

  • Where you stand, depends on where you work’

    Christian Dyogi Phillips•Politics Groups and Identities•2025

  • White people's activism in US‐ based social movements for racial justice

    Open Access•C Russo•Sociology Compass•2023

  • Whiteness Studies and the Erasure of Gender

    Open Access•Abby L Ferber•Sociology Compass•2007

  • Towards a Critical Global Race Theory

    Open Access•Melissa F Weiner•Sociology Compass•2012

  • Fighting corruption is not a beauty pageant’

    Gabriel Opare, Alex Agyena Duah•Critical Discourse Studies•2026

  • I’m Not a Number, I’m a Human Being

    Open Access•Breanna Boppre, Shon M Reed•Feminist Criminology•2020

  • Gender on the Run

    Open Access•Jerry Flores, Ariana Ochoa Camacho et al.•Feminist Criminology•2017

  • The Latino Pastoral Narrative

    Open Access•Gabriela Nunez•Latino Studies•2012

  • Blacks may be second class, but they can’t make them leave

    Open Access•Jennifer A Jones•Latino Studies•2012

  • Teaching Intersectionality Intersectionally

    Nancy A Naples•International Feminist Journal of…•2009

  • Vote, ovocytes et cosmétiques. Les trois jalons identitaires du recours au genre dans la recherche sur les cellules souches en Californie

    C Thompson, Séverine Sofio•Cahiers du Genre•2014

  • The Chihuahua and the Space Princess writing in the margins

    Open Access•Adriana van Hilten, Stefanie Ruel•Gender Work and Organization•2022

  • The Mythology of Female Sexuality

    Kulvinder Arora•Women a Cultural Review•2006

  • A Tale of Two Molecular Californias

    Anna Jabloner•Science as Culture•2018

  • Citizenship Rights, Domestic Work, and the Fair Labor Standards Act

    Open Access•Premilla Nadasen•Journal of Policy History•2012

  • Incarcerated Girls, Criminal Pathways and Multiple Forms of Abuse

    Open Access•Jerry Flores, Janelle Hawes et al.•Journal of Family Violence•2019

  • Immer Ärger mit „Race“. Eine Agenda für den Umgang mit einer heiklen Kategorie

    Open Access•L Wacquant•Berliner Journal für Soziologie•2023

  • The Soils of Black Folk

    Open Access•Ankit Bhardwaj•Sociological Theory•2023

  • Of Moments, Not Monuments

    Sonali Perera•South Asian Feminisms•2012

  • From Shah Bano to Kausar Bano

    Open Access•Flavia Agnes•South Asian Feminisms•2012

  • Observing Organizational Inequality Regimes

    D Tomaskovic-Devey, D Avent-Holt•Gedenkschrift to Randy Hodson•2016

  • Migration and Domestic Work

    Stefano Marchetti, Sabrina Marchetti et al.•Migration and Domestic Work•2016

  • Migration and Domestic Work

    Open Access•Sabrina Marchetti•Migration and Domestic Work•2022

  • Between Two Empires

    Eiichiro Azuma•Between two empires•2005

  • The Color of Civics

    M D Nelsen•Color of Civics•2023

  • The Politics of Identity

    Open Access•Michelle A Harris, Michelle Harris et al.•The Politics of Identity•2013

  • Labor Versus Empire

    Open Access•Gilbert G Gonzalez, Raul Fernandez et al.•Labor Versus Empire•2004

  • Democracy and Empire

    Open Access•Inés Valdez•Democracy and Empire•2023

  • Migratory Dissemblance

    Rebecca Wanzo•Signs: Journal of Women in…•2020

  • The gendered practices of the upwardly mobile in India

    Open Access•M N Reed•Social Science Research•2022

  • From glass ceiling to inequality regimes

    Open Access•Joan Acker•Sociologie du Travail•2009

  • Co-constituting migrant strangers and foreigners

    Open Access•Miho Iwata, Kumiko Nemoto•Current Sociology•2018

Unique citing works289
Citations per year13,52
Citation span2003 - 2026 (24)
Citation velocitycurrent
Highly citedYes
Citation typesNeutral: 275

Tools

Open DOILibgen
Ethnos_APP • Open Source Project • MIT License • Frontend v2.0.0 • Privacy and Cookies • API Documentation: api.ethnos.app/docs • API Source Code: GitHub • DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17049435 • Frontend Source Code: GitHub • DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17050053 • cruz.rio.br • Expectantes Misericordiae