The development of the industrial labor movement in Egypt

The Egyptian industrial labor movement is an important topic in the history of labor struggles, as it was the first in the Middle East to become active, emerging in the nineteenth century. It engaged in collective struggle to improve working conditions and obtain legal recognition for unions after the dominance of capital and its alliance with power, resulting from the Industrial Revolution and the spread of capitalism, which treated labor as a commodity. So, when did the Egyptian working class emerge? What were its methods of struggle against capital? How did the workers, after more than four decades of struggle, manage to achieve better working conditions and legal recognition of labor unions? These questions were answered using historical and analytical methods. The study concluded that the emergence and success of the Egyptian industrial labor movement were due to foreign workers from Italy and Greece who came to Egypt at that time, after suffering the harshness of capitalism in their countries; they brought with them experience in collective struggle. In addition, Egyptian workers benefited from the experience of foreign workers in collective action and labor struggles, and they also conveyed their grievances to the International Labor Office in Geneva

Labor relations · Labour law · Legislation · International Labor and Employment Law · Labor Movements and Unions · Sociopolitical Dynamics in Nepal · Industrial Relations