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Resumo

Crown morphology of 85 plaster dental casts from skeletal and living Ainus of less than 1/8 non‐Ainu admixture is described and compared for microevolutionary and origins considerations. There is no significant sex dimorphism and few inter‐sample differences through time. Inter‐observer differences occur where observation standards are poorly established.Ainu teeth exhibit a simplified pattern and have trait frequencies more like those of Polynesians and Micronesians than like Chinese, Japanese or Europeans. There is no dental evidence in support of a Caucasoid origin or close relationship. Similarities outnumber differences between Ainu teeth and those of Micronesians and Polynesians suggestive of a past biological relationship.

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