Prosodic Characteristics of Poetic Text in the Kazakh Language

This article describes the prosodic features of the Kazakh poetic text. The prosodic nature of poetic speech finds its expression in poetic rhythm, which gives it a certain coloring. The basic unit of poetic rhythm is the line. Kazakh verse is defined as syllabic, with the same number of syllables in a poetic line. Maintaining a certain number of syllables in each poetic line is necessary for implementing rhythm. It is possible to identify rhythmic groups and syntagmas within a long line. In small poetic forms, the rhythmic group, syntagm and line coincide in volume; in large poetic forms, a line, as a rule, consists of several rhythmic groups. The rhythmic division of Kazakh speech, which is conveyed using rhythmic stress, plays an important role in conveying the meaning of a statement, and the meaning of the transmitted information depends on its correct placement. As shown by experimental phonetic data, the main prosodic components of emphasis in the Kazakh language are duration and partly melody. Kazakh poetic works consist of seven-eight-syllable and eleven-syllable verses. This form of verse construction creates a light, dynamic rhythm and carries with it great expressive possibilities. The combination of rhythmic parts in a line, equal in number of syllables, contributes to the fact that poetic speech takes on a rhythmically smooth flow, distinguished by its regularity. As a result of the analysis of poetic texts, it was revealed that Kazakh versification is based on the syllabic structure. Each line, consisting of two or three rhythmic groups, constitutes an independent syntagm, representing a semantic-prosodic whole with a final rhyme accentuated by tonal, temporal and dynamic parameters. Syntagms are characterized by ascending and descending tonal contours with a drop in the melodic curve at the junctions of lines, together they form a wave-like rhythmic-prosodic unity with a long final pause, while the syntagma corresponds to certain intonemes, which combine not only prosodic, but also semantic-syntactic properties

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