Skip to main content

ETHNOS_APP

Home • Search • Journals • List 0

Do Children Distinguish Between Resource Inequalities With Individual Versus Structural Origins

Bibliographic Data

ID21301907
AuthorsMichael T Rizzo (0000-0002-2446-8340, New York University, corresponding author), Laura Elenbaas (0000-0002-4921-251X, University of Rochester), Kimberly E Vanderbilt (0000-0001-8649-9719, California State University, San Marcos)
Year2020
Volume91
Issue2
Pages439-455
Publication date2020-03-01
Peer ReviewedYes
Open AccessYes
TypeARTICLE
VenueChild Development (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 0009-3920 • E-ISSN: 1467-8624
PublisherOxford University Press (OUP) (PUBLISHER)
DOI10.1111/cdev.13181
PMID30370937
OpenAlexW2899053190
LanguageEN
Citations received28
References cited50

This study investigated children's ability to distinguish between resource inequalities with individual versus structural origins. Children (3- to 8-years-old; N = 93) were presented with resource inequalities based on either recipients’ merit (individual factor) or gender (structural factor). Children were assessed on their expectations for others’ allocations, own allocations, reasoning, and evaluations of others’ allocations. Children perpetuated merit-based inequalities and either rectified or allocated equally in response to gender-based inequalities. Older, but not younger, children expected others to perpetuate both types of inequalities and differed in their evaluations and reasoning. Links between children's allocations and judgments were also found. Results reveal novel insights into children's developing consideration of the structural and individual factors leading to resource inequalities

Developmental psychology · Inequality · Resource (disambiguation) · Child and Animal Learning Development · Computer Science · Early Childhood Education and Development · Mathematics · Psychology · Social and Intergroup Psychology · Social Psychology

  • She succeeded despite lack of ability or resources

    Xin Zhao, Xin Yang et al.•Developmental Psychology•2023

  • Children’s evaluations of individually and structurally based inequalities

    Michael T Rizzo, Melanie Killen•Developmental Psychology•2020

  • Children in the United States and Peru Pay to Correct Gender-Based Inequality

    Open Access•John Corbit, Katie Lamirato et al.•Child Development•2021

  • Insist on No More than Equity

    Open Access•Natalia B Dutra, Natalia Dutra•Encyclopedia of Evolutionary…•2019

  • A Developmental-Science Perspective on Social Inequality

    Open Access•Laura Elenbaas, Michael T Rizzo et al.•Current Directions in Psychological…•2020

  • Children’s Sense of Fairness as Equal Respect

    Open Access•Jan M Engelmann, M Tomasello•Trends in Cognitive Sciences•2019

  • Beliefs about social norms and racial inequalities predict variation in the early development of racial bias

    Open Access•Michael T Rizzo, Emily R Green et al.•Developmental Science•2021

  • Taiwanese preschool teachers’ use of picture books to foster anti-bias education

    Open Access•Wan-Hsuan Lin, Bi-Ching Chen•Frontiers in Education•2026

  • How Do Young Children Explain Differences in the Classroom? Implications for Achievement, Motivation, and Educational Equity

    Open Access•Sébastien Goudeau, Andrei Cimpian•Perspectives on Psychological…•2021

  • Thinking Structurally

    Open Access•Jamie Amemiya, Elizabeth Mortenson et al.•Perspectives on Psychological…•2023

  • White Parents’ Socialization of Racial Attitudes

    Open Access•Rebecca S Bigler, Erin Pahlke et al.•Perspectives on Psychological…•2022

  • Normative views and resource distribution behavior in childhood

    Open Access•Natalie Christner, Monika Wörle et al.•International Journal of…•2022

  • Why are there no girls? Increasing children's recognition of structural causes of the gender gap in STEM

    Open Access•Jamie Amemiya, Lin Bian•Cognition•2024

  • Children acknowledge physical constraints less when actors behave stereotypically

    Open Access•Jamie Amemiya, Elizabeth Mortenson et al.•Child Development•2022

  • Robin Hood or Matthew? Children’s Reasoning About Redistributive Justice in the Context of Economic Inequalities

    Open Access•Samuel Essler, Mareike Paulus et al.•Child Development•2021

  • Does It Matter How We Speak About Social Kinds? A Large, Preregistered, Online Experimental Study of How Language Shapes the Development of Essentialist Beliefs

    Open Access•Rachel Leshin, Sarah‐jane Leslie et al.•Child Development•2021

  • Korean and American adolescents' judgments of group-based inequalities

    Open Access•EunKyung Chung, Eun‐Kyung Chung•Acta Psychologica•2024

  • There's no need for that at this age

    Open Access•Karen L Peterson, Kimy Peterson et al.•Journal of Research on Adolescence•2025

  • The role of between‐group competition in children's within‐group merit‐based resource allocation

    Open Access•Xue Xiao, Qian Wang et al.•Social Development•2023

  • Children's and adolescents’ evaluations of wealth‐related STEM inequality

    Open Access•Luke Mcguire, Christina Marlow et al.•Social Development•2023

  • The Relationship Between Parenting Styles, Beliefs in Free‐Will, and 4–8‐Year‐Old Childrens' Beliefs About Fairness and Rectification of Social Inequality

    Open Access•Umiemah Farrukh, Lucy M Stowe et al.•Social Development•2025

  • Science resource inequalities viewed as less wrong when girls are disadvantaged

    Open Access•Riley N Sims, Amanda R Burkholder et al.•Social Development•2022

  • Group bias in children’s rectification of inequality using resources of different values

    Open Access•Xue Xiao, Lu Liu et al.•Social Development•2020

  • The Cost of Inequality

    Open Access•Peng Sun, Qing Xie et al.•Journal of Pacific Rim Psychology•2026

  • Descriptive-to-prescriptive (D2P) reasoning

    Steven O Robert•European Review of Social…•2022

  • The influence of cooperation and competition on children’s resource allocation

    Open Access•Demao Zhao, Xue Xiao et al.•Cognitive Development•2025

  • The developmental origins and behavioral consequences of attributions for inequality

    Open Access•Antonya Marie Gonzalez, Lucía Macchia et al.•Journal of Experimental Social…•2022

  • Political Ideology in Early Childhood

    Open Access•Michal Reifen-Tagar, Andrei Cimpian•Political Psychology•2022

  • Currency value moderates equity preference among young children

    Open Access•Peter Blake, Peter R Blake et al.•Evolution and Human Behavior•2010

  • Fairness versus favoritism in children

    Open Access•Alex Shaw, Peter Descioli et al.•Evolution and Human Behavior•2012

  • Children discard a resource to avoid inequity.

    Alex Shaw, Kristina R Olson•Journal of Experimental…•2012

  • Deny, Distance, or Dismantle? How White Americans Manage a Privileged Identity

    Open Access•Eric D Knowles, Brian S Lowery et al.•Perspectives on Psychological…•2014

  • I Should but I Won’t

    Open Access•Craig E Smith, Peter Blake et al.•PLoS ONE•2013

  • The developmental roots of fairness: infants’ reactions to equal and unequal distributions of resources

    Open Access•Alessandra Geraci, Luca Surian•Developmental Science•2011

  • Do Infants Have a Sense of Fairness?

    Open Access•Stephanie Sloane, Renée Baillargeon et al.•Psychological Science•2012

  • Fairness and the Development of Inequality Acceptance

    Open Access•Ingvild Almås, Alexander W Cappelen et al.•Science•2010

  • A developmental intergroup theory of social stereotypes and prejudice

    Rebecca S Bigler, Lynn S Liben•Advances in Child Development and…•2006

  • The ontogeny of fairness in seven societies

    Open Access•Peter Blake, P R Blake et al.•Nature•2015

  • Egalitarianism in young children

    Open Access•Ernst Fehr, Helen Bernhard et al.•Nature•2008

  • The early origins of human charity

    Open Access•Mareike Paulus, Markus Paulus•Frontiers in Psychology•2014

  • The development of social knowledge

    Elliot Turiel•The development of social knowledge•1983

  • Asking Children to “Be Helpers” Can Backfire After Setbacks

    Open Access•Emily Foster‐hanson, Andrei Cimpian et al.•Child Development•2020

  • Young Children’s Ability to Recognize and Challenge Unfair Treatment of Others in Group Contexts

    Open Access•Melanie Killen, Laura Elenbaas et al.•Human Development•2018

  • Framed by Gender

    C L Ridgeway•Framed By Gender How Gender…•2011

  • Consequences of “Minimal” Group Affiliations in Children

    Open Access•Yarrow Dunham, Andrew Scott Baron et al.•Child Development•2011

  • The Development of Fairness Expectations and Prosocial Behavior in the Second Year of Life

    Open Access•Jessica A Sommerville, Marco F H Schmidt et al.•Infancy•2013

  • Equal But Not Always Fair

    Open Access•Nadia Chernyak, David M Sobel•Social Development•2015

  • Sex segregation in friendships and normative contexts across the life span

    Open Access•Clare Mehta, Jonell Strough•Developmental Review•2009

  • Theory of mind is related to children’s resource allocations in gender stereotypic contexts

    Open Access•Michael T Rizzo, Melanie Killen•Developmental Psychology•2018

  • Collaboration promotes proportional reasoning about resource distribution in young children

    Rowena Ng, Gail D Heyman et al.•Developmental Psychology•2011

  • Lying, negligence, or lack of knowledge? Children’s intention-based moral reasoning about resource claims

    Open Access•Michael T Rizzo, Leon Li et al.•Developmental Psychology•2019

  • The development of recipient-dependent sharing behavior and sharing expectations in preschool children

    Mareike Paulus, Markus Paulus et al.•Developmental Psychology•2014

  • Preschoolers are able to take merit into account when distributing goods

    Nicolas Baumard, Olivier Mascaro et al.•Developmental Psychology•2012

  • Numerical cognition explains age-related changes in third-party fairness

    Nadia Chernyak, Beth Sandham et al.•Developmental Psychology•2016

  • Children’s recognition of fairness and others’ welfare in a resource allocation task

    Open Access•Michael T Rizzo, Laura Elenbaas et al.•Developmental Psychology•2016

  • Children’s social category-based giving and its correlates

    Open Access•Maggie P Renno, Kristin Shutts•Developmental Psychology•2015

  • Children rectify inequalities for disadvantaged groups

    Open Access•Laura Elenbaas, Melanie Killen•Developmental Psychology•2016

  • Meritocratic sharing is based on collaboration in 3-year-olds

    Katharina Hamann, Johanna Bender et al.•Developmental Psychology•2014

  • Children’s evaluations of resource allocation in the context of group norms

    Shelby Cooley, Melanie Killen•Developmental Psychology•2015

  • The Idea of Justice

    Open Access•Amartya Kumar Sen, Amartya Sen•Idea of Justice•2009

Unique citing works28
Citations per year4
Citation span2019 - 2026 (8)
Citation velocitycurrent
Highly citedNo
Citation typesNeutral: 25

Tools

Open DOISci-Hub
Ethnos_APP • Open Source Project • MIT License • Frontend v2.0.0 • Privacy and Cookies • API Documentation: api.ethnos.app/docs • API Source Code: GitHub • DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17049435 • Frontend Source Code: GitHub • DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17050053 • cruz.rio.br • Expectantes Misericordiae