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Exploring Citizens’ Support for Carbon Taxation Using the Theory of Planned Behavior

Evidence From Iran

Bibliographic Data

ID21314830
AuthorsBahareh Ghafouri (0000-0001-8467-9548, Kyoto University, corresponding author)
Year2026
Volume58
Issue1
Pages119-155
Publication date2026-01-01
Peer ReviewedYes
Open AccessYes
TypeARTICLE
VenueEnvironment and Behavior (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 0013-9165 • E-ISSN: 1552-390X
PublisherSAGE Publications (PUBLISHER • US)
DOI10.1177/00139165251389811
OpenAlexW4416536372
LanguageEN
References cited95

Extending the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) by incorporating actual climate change knowledge and demographics as moderating factors, this study explores the determinants of Iranian citizens’ support for a hypothetical carbon tax of US$9. Data from an online questionnaire survey was analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling in R. The results revealed that attitudes and perceived behavioral control are significant predictors of support. Moreover, the effect of climate change knowledge and moderating factors were generally insignificant. Notably, respondents preferred carbon tax revenues to be used for environmental initiatives and showed disagreement with the proposed progressive revenue scheme, alongside signs of low trust in the government for transparent implementation. The findings offer significant implications for policymakers aiming to foster public support for carbon taxation in Iran and other developing countries

Carbon tax · Control (management) · Demographics · Government (linguistics) · Revenue · Structural equation modeling · Tax revenue · Theory of planned behavior · Climate Change Communication and Perception · Climate Change Policy and Economics · Environmental Education and Sustainability

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