Reliability and Validity of Hand Hygiene Behavior Questionnaire for Primary School Students

Datos Bibliográficos

ID21354307
AutoresRui Wang (0000-0001-7155-3356, National Center for Rural Water Supply Technical Guidance, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention Beijing China), Xuejiao Ding (National Center for Rural Water Supply Technical Guidance, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention Beijing China), Yue Yin (0009-0002-5364-7089, Sichuan Center for Disease Control and Prevention Chengdu Sichuan China), Jingli Zheng (Shaanxi Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention Xi'an Shaanxi China), Shan Wang (0000-0002-9487-0829, National Center for Rural Water Supply Technical Guidance, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention Beijing China, autor de correspondencia)
Año2026
Volumen96
Número7
Páginase70171-e70171
Fecha de publicación2026-07-01
Peer ReviewedSí
Open AccessSí
TipoARTICLE
RevistaJournal of School Health (JOURNAL)
Identificadores de la revistaISSN: 0022-4391 • E-ISSN: 1746-1561
EditorialWiley (PUBLISHER • GB)
DOI10.1111/josh.70171
PMID42251594
OpenAlexW7163810152
IdiomaEN
Referencias citadas35

Background Reliable and valid assessment tools are critical for evaluating and improving primary school students' hand hygiene behaviors, yet corresponding adaptable assessment methods are currently limited. We aimed to develop and validate a Hand Hygiene Behavior Questionnaire for Primary School Students (HHBQ‐PSS). Methods Cluster sampling recruited 376 Grade 4–5 students from two central primary schools. The 15‐item HHBQ‐PSS encompasses three dimensions (capability, opportunity, motivation) of hand hygiene, using a 5‐point Likert scale. HHBQ‐PSS was evaluated through internal consistency reliability, split‐half reliability, exploratory factor analysis (EFA), and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Results The Cronbach's α coefficient of HHBQ‐PSS was 0.844, and all Cronbach's α coefficients remained above 0.750 after corresponding dimensions were deleted. The Spearman–Brown coefficient was 0.784. EFA extracted four common factors (cumulative variance contribution rate = 58.67%). CFA confirmed adequate model fit ( χ 2 /df = 2.832, CFI = 0.905, GFI = 0.927, AGFI = 0.893, and RMSEA = 0.070). Implications for School Health Policy, Practice, and Equity The reliable and valid HHBQ‐PSS may inform the implementation of targeted health interventions and the improvement of hand hygiene levels among primary school students. Conclusion HHBQ‐PSS demonstrates good reliability and validity to assess hand hygiene behaviors in Chinese primary school students.

Cluster sampling · Confirmatory factor analysis · Exploratory factor analysis · Hygiene · Likert scale · Psychological intervention · Reliability (semiconductor) · Structural equation modeling · Food Safety and Hygiene · Infection Control in Healthcare · School Health and Nursing Education