Skip to main content

ETHNOS_APP

Home • Search • Journals • List 0

Agreeableness, extraversion and life satisfaction

Investigating the mediating roles of social inclusion and status

Bibliographic Data

ID21391760
AuthorsFilip Fors Connolly (0000-0002-3857-4398, Umeå University Umea Sweden, corresponding author), Ingemar Johansson Sevä (0000-0003-3349-5778, Umeå University Umea Sweden)
Year2021
Volume62
Issue5
Pages752-762
Publication date2021-10-01
Peer ReviewedYes
Open AccessYes
TypeARTICLE
VenueScandinavian Journal of Psychology (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 0036-5564 • E-ISSN: 1467-9450
PublisherWiley (PUBLISHER • GB)
DOI10.1111/sjop.12755
PMID34155642
OpenAlexW3176786879
LanguageEN
Citations received13
References cited76

We examine inclusion and status as potential mediators in the relationships between extraversion and agreeableness, on the one hand, and life satisfaction, on the other hand. Previous research has shown that agreeableness is less strongly related to life satisfaction compared to extraversion. We argue that the relatively weak association between agreeableness and life satisfaction is due to the fact that, even though this personality trait is positively related to inclusion, it is only weakly related to status. Using structural equation modeling (SEM) and survey data from Australia, Denmark and Sweden, we test five hypotheses about the linkages between these personality traits, inclusion, status and life satisfaction. Our results show that both extraversion and agreeableness are positively associated with life satisfaction and that this association is much stronger for extraversion. Furthermore, our results show that extraversion is reliably associated with both inclusion and status, whereas agreeableness is a reliable predictor of inclusion but not of status. Turning to our mediation analysis, our main results demonstrate that the relationship between extraversion and life satisfaction is fully mediated by both inclusion and status, whereas the relationship between agreeableness and life satisfaction is partially mediated by inclusion. Our mediation analysis further shows that agreeableness has a negative direct effect on life satisfaction over and above the positive indirect effect through inclusion. Our findings highlight the role of both inclusion and status as important mediators in the relationships between extraversion and agreeableness, on the one hand, and life satisfaction, on the other hand

Agreeableness · Big Five personality traits · Developmental psychology · Extraversion and introversion · Hierarchical structure of the Big Five · Inclusion (mineral) · Life satisfaction · Personality · Clinical Psychology · Psychological Well-being and Life Satisfaction · Psychology · Social and Cultural Dynamics · Social and Intergroup Psychology · Social Psychology

  • Big-five personality traits and depression

    Open Access•Han Cai, Hongtao Song et al.•Frontiers in Psychiatry•2024

  • Association between personality characteristics and sleep quality among Chinese middle-aged and older adults

    Open Access•Zhen Wang, Zeng Zhi et al.•BMC Public Health•2023

  • The association between cyber behaviors and hedonic and eudaimonic well-being

    Open Access•Areej ElSayary, Juan Calmaestra et al.•BMC Psychology•2025

  • The Relationship Between Personality Traits and Well-Being via Brain Functional Connectivity

    Open Access•Liangfang Li, L M W Li et al.•Journal of Happiness Studies•2023

  • The role of teachable agents’ personality traits on student-AI interactions and math learning

    Open Access•Bailing Lyu, Chenglu Li et al.•Computers & Education•2025

  • Personality traits and subjective well-being among Chinese adolescents

    Open Access•Xi Chen, Azlina Mohd Khir et al.•Acta Psychologica•2026

  • Personality, Religiosity and Satisfaction with Life in Young Muslim and Christian Women in Pakistan

    Open Access•Dilkush Shaheen Butt, Asma Majeed et al.•Journal of Religion and Health•2023

  • The Conditional Effects of the Transformational Leadership Behaviors on Leaders’ Emotional Exhaustion

    Open Access•Aqsa Ejaz, Samina Quratulain et al.•The American Review of Public…•2024

  • Association of personality traits with dental visit procrastination by Japanese university students

    Open Access•Yukitaka Hoshino, Shota Kataoka et al.•BioPsychoSocial Medicine•2023

  • Big Five Personality Traits as Predictors of Subjective Well-Being in Peruvian University Students

    Open Access•Claudia Terukina Sakihara, Camila Camero-Callo et al.•SAGE Open•2025

  • Character is fate

    Open Access•Hui Li, Lan-fei Gao•Tourism Management•2025

  • The interplay between gender and personality in relationship outcomes

    Open Access•Filip Fors Connolly, Mikael Goossen•Journal of Research in Personality•2025

  • Gender and Height Are Associated With Life Satisfaction Through Psychosocial Factors

    Open Access•Filip Fors Connolly•Scandinavian Journal of Psychology•2025

  • Multivariate data analysis

    William W Cooley•Multivariate data analysis•1971

  • How's Life?

    Organisation For Economic Co-Operation And Development Secretary-General, OECD…•How's life?•2011

  • The nature and function of self-esteem

    Mark R Leary, Roy F Baumeister•Advances in Experimental Social…•2000

  • What Do You Think Would Make You Happier? What Do You Think You Would Choose?

    Daniel J Benjamin, Ori Heffetz et al.•American Economic Review•2012

  • The Big Five Personality Factors and Personal Values

    Open Access•Sonia Roccas, Lilach Sagiv et al.•Personality and Social Psychology…•2002

  • A Review of the Tripartite Structure of Subjective Well-Being

    Open Access•Michael A Busseri, Stan W Sadava•Personality and Social Psychology…•2011

  • Very Happy People

    Open Access•Ed Diener, Martin E P Seligman•Psychological Science•2002

  • Pride, personality, and the evolutionary foundations of human social status

    Open Access•Joey T Cheng, Jessica L Tracy et al.•Evolution and Human Behavior•2010

  • Which social needs are important for subjective well-being? What happens to them with aging?

    Nardi Steverink, Lindenberg et al.•Psychology and Aging•2006

  • Simultaneous Factor Analysis in Several Populations

    Open Access•Karl G Jöreskog•Psychometrika•1971

  • Need for belonging, relationship satisfaction, loneliness, and life satisfaction

    Open Access•D Mellor, David T Mellor et al.•Personality and Individual…•2008

  • The Local-Ladder Effect

    Open Access•Cameron Anderson, Michael W Kraus et al.•Psychological Science•2012

  • The Mini-Ipip Scales

    M Brent Donnellan, Frederick L Oswald et al.•Psychological Assessment•2006

  • Personality and Transformational and Transactional Leadership

    Joyce E Bono, Timothy A Judge•Journal of Applied Psychology•2004

  • On friendship development and the Big Five personality traits

    Open Access•Kelci Harris, Simine Vazire•Social and Personality Psychology…•2016

  • Happiness Is a Personal(ity) Thing

    Open Access•Alexander Weiss, Timothy C Bates et al.•Psychological Science•2008

  • Big five personality variables and relationship constructs

    Open Access•Jason K White, Susan S Hendrick et al.•Personality and Individual…•2004

  • Testing an Integrative Model of Respect

    Open Access•Yuen J Huo, Kevin R Binning et al.•Personality and Social Psychology…•2010

  • Sensitivity of Goodness of Fit Indexes to Lack of Measurement Invariance

    Fangfang Chen, Fang Fang Chen•Structural Equation Modeling: A…•2007

  • The Satisfaction With Life Scale and the emerging construct of life satisfaction

    William Pavot, Ed Diener•The Journal of Positive Psychology•2008

  • Basic psychological need satisfaction, need frustration, and need strength across four cultures

    Open Access•Beiwen Chen, Maarten Vansteenkiste et al.•Motivation and Emotion•2015

  • The Satisfaction With Life Scale

    Ed Diener, Robert A Emmons et al.•Journal of Personality Assessment•1985

  • Who Attains Status? Similarities and Differences Across Social Contexts

    Open Access•Nicole M Lawless DesJardins, Sanjay Srivastava et al.•Social Psychological and…•2015

  • Measurement and Validity Characteristics of the Short Version of the Social and Emotional Loneliness Scale for Adults

    Open Access•Enrico DiTommaso, Cyndi Brannen et al.•Educational and Psychological…•2004

  • Extraversion and life satisfaction

    Open Access•Hyunji Kim, Ulrich Schimmack et al.•Journal of Personality•2018

  • Extraversion and Agreeableness

    Open Access•William Tov, Ze Ling Nai et al.•Journal of Personality•2016

  • The ups and downs of social life

    Open Access•Nikhila Mahadevan, Aiden P Gregg et al.•Journal of Personality•2020

  • Testing competence and acceptance explanations of self-esteem

    Erika J Koch, James A Shepperd•Self and Identity•2007

  • Quality of social experience explains the relation between extraversion and positive affect

    Luke D Smillie, Joshua Wilt et al.•Emotion•2015

  • The pleasure of making a difference

    Jessie Sun, Kathryn T Stevenson et al.•Emotion•2017

  • Do we really know what makes us happy? A review of the economic literature on the factors associated with subjective well-being

    Open Access•Paul Dolan, Tessa Peasgood et al.•Journal of Economic Psychology•2008

  • Is the desire for status a fundamental human motive? A review of the empirical literature

    Cameron Anderson, John Angus D Hildreth et al.•Psychological Bulletin•2015

  • Agreeableness, Extraversion, and Peer Relations in Early Adolescence

    Open Access•Lauri A Jensen-Campbell, Lauri A Jensen‐campbell et al.•Journal of Research in Personality•2002

  • A behavior genetic analysis of personality and loneliness

    Open Access•Julie Aitken Schermer, Nicholas G Martins et al.•Journal of Research in Personality•2019

  • The personality traits of liked people

    Open Access•Jessica Wortman, Dustin Wood•Journal of Research in Personality•2011

  • Predictive validity of explicit and implicit self-esteem for subjective well-being

    Open Access•Ulrich Schimmack, Ed Diener•Journal of Research in Personality•2003

  • Associations between personality traits and psychological well-being across time in middle adulthood

    Katja Kokko, Asko Tolvanen et al.•Journal of Research in Personality•2013

  • An integrated model of social psychological and personality psychological perspectives on personality and wellbeing

    Open Access•Ulrich Schimmack, Hyunji Kim•Journal of Research in Personality•2020

  • Agreeableness, empathy, and helping

    William G Graziano, Meara M Habashi et al.•Journal of Personality and Social…•2007

  • Recruiting large online samples in the United States and India

    Open Access•T C Boas, D P Christenson et al.•Political Science Research and…•2020

  • Who attains social status? Effects of personality and physical attractiveness in social groups

    Cameron Anderson, Oliver P John et al.•Journal of Personality and Social…•2001

  • Happiness is everything, or is it? Explorations on the meaning of psychological well-being

    Carol D Ryff•Journal of Personality and Social…•1989

  • Validation of the five-factor model of personality across instruments and observers

    Robert R Mccrae, Paul T Costa•Journal of Personality and Social…•1987

  • Is self-regard a sociometer or a hierometer? Self-esteem tracks status and inclusion, narcissism tracks status

    Nikhila Mahadevan, Aiden P Gregg et al.•Journal of Personality and Social…•2019

  • Personality and prosocial behavior

    Benjamin E Hilbig, Andreas Glöckner et al.•Journal of Personality and Social…•2014

  • Stability and change of personality across the life course

    Jule Specht, Boris Egloff et al.•Journal of Personality and Social…•2011

  • Love, work, and changes in extraversion and neuroticism over time

    Christie Napa Scollon, Ed Diener•Journal of Personality and Social…•2006

  • Needs and subjective well-being around the world

    Louis Tay, Ed Diener•Journal of Personality and Social…•2011

  • Predicting psychological and subjective well-being from personality

    Jeromy Anglim, Sharon Horwood et al.•Psychological Bulletin•2020

  • The need to belong

    Roy F Baumeister, Mark R Leary•Psychological Bulletin•1995

  • Subjective well-being

    Ed Diener•Psychological Bulletin•1984

  • Refining the relationship between personality and subjective well-being

    Piers Steel, Joseph A Schmidt et al.•Psychological Bulletin•2008

  • Similarity of the Relations between Marital Status and Subjective Well-Being Across Cultures

    Open Access•Ed Diener, Carol L Gohm et al.•Journal of Cross-Cultural…•2000

  • Dimensions of mental health

    Open Access•Bruce Headey, Jay Kelley et al.•Social Indicators Research•1993

Unique citing works13
Citations per year4,33
Citation span2023 - 2026 (4)
Citation velocitycurrent
Highly citedNo
Citation typesNeutral: 12

Tools

Open DOIOpen Access
Ethnos_APP • Open Source Project • MIT License • Frontend v2.0.0 • Privacy and Cookies • API Documentation: api.ethnos.app/docs • API Source Code: GitHub • DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17049435 • Frontend Source Code: GitHub • DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17050053 • cruz.rio.br • Expectantes Misericordiae