Prevalencia de burnout en profesionales de atención primaria del Sistema Nacional de Salud
Revisión sistemática y metaanálisis
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 21482121 |
|---|---|
| Authors | Estefanía Beltrán-Gómez (Hospital Universitario Río Hortega, corresponding author), Antonio Pujol-de Castro, Antonio Pujol de Castro (0000-0003-1517-2086, Hospital Clínico San Carlos), Pablo Vaquero-Cepeda (0009-0000-4305-9481, Complejo Hospitalario de Salamanca), Ferrán Catalá-López (0000-0002-3833-9312, Centro de Ciencias Humanas y Sociales) |
| Year | 2025 |
| Volume | 39 |
| Pages | 102526 |
| Publication date | 2025-01-01 |
| Open Access | Yes |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | Gaceta Sanitaria (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 0213-9111 • E-ISSN: 1578-1283 |
| Publisher | Elsevier BV (PUBLISHER) |
| DOI | 10.1016/j.gaceta.2025.102526 |
| PMID | 41016095 |
| OpenAlex | W4414569081 |
| Language | ES |
| Citations received | 2 |
| References cited | 32 |
Analizar la prevalencia del síndrome de burnout en los profesionales que trabajan en atención primaria del Sistema Nacional de Salud. Se hicieron búsquedas en PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE y PsycINFO (hasta mayo de 2025) y se incluyeron estudios observacionales realizados en España que presentaran la prevalencia de burnout en profesionales de atención primaria (p. ej., médicos, enfermeras, administrativos y otros). De cada estudio se extrajeron las características metodológicas y los resultados, y se evaluó su calidad. Se realizó una síntesis con metaanálisis de efectos aleatorios para el cálculo de proporciones. Registro del protocolo: Open Science Framework ( https://osf.io/b2h4m/ ). Se incluyeron 39 estudios con 9204 participantes. Para la variable principal, se encontró una prevalencia de burnout del 18% (IC95%: 13-24%; 25 estudios; 6310 participantes; I 2 = 96,7%). Por categoría profesional, las prevalencias fueron del 24% (IC95%: 16-32%) en médicos, el 17% (IC95%: 6-32%) en enfermeras, el 11% (IC95%: 2-27%) en administrativos y el 5% (IC95%: 0-16%) en otros profesionales. Se encontraron diferencias según el criterio diagnóstico: prevalencia del 52% (IC95%: 40-63%) en médicos y del 44% (IC95%: 26-63%) en enfermeras utilizando una dimensión; 27% (IC95%: 20-34%) en médicos y 18% (IC95%: 5-36%) en enfermeras para dos dimensiones; y 21% (IC95%: 13-31%) en médicos y 12% (IC95%: 1-33%) en enfermeras para tres dimensiones de burnout . Se observan altas prevalencias del síndrome de burnout en profesionales que trabajan en atención primaria del Sistema Nacional de Salud, con variaciones según la categoría profesional y el criterio diagnóstico. Parece necesario promover acciones tanto individuales como organizativas para disminuir la carga asociada al burnout entre los profesionales. To analyze the prevalence of burnout syndrome in primary care professionals working in the National Health System. We searched PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, and PsycINFO (up to May 2025). Observational studies conducted in Spain reporting the prevalence of burnout in professionals working in primary care (e.g., physicians, nurses, administrative staff and others) were included. From each study, methodological characteristics and results were extracted and their quality was evaluated. We performed a narrative synthesis with random effects meta-analysis to calculate proportions. Protocol registration: Open Science Framework ( https://osf.io/b2h4m/ ). Thirty-nine studies with 9204 participants were included. For the primary outcome measure, a burnout prevalence of 18% (95% C I: 13-24%; 25 studies; 6310 participants; I 2 = 96.7%) was found. By professional category, the prevalence rates were: 24% (95%CI: 16-32%) in physicians, 17% (95%CI: 6-32%) in nurses, 11% (95%CI: 2-27%) in administrative staff, and 5% (95%CI: 0-16%) in other professionals. Differences were found according to the diagnostic criterion used: a prevalence of 52% (95%CI: 40-63%) in physicians and 44% (95%CI: 26-63%) in nurses using one dimension; 27% (95% CI: 20-34%) in physicians and 18% (95%CI: 5-36%) in nurses for two dimensions; and 21% (95%CI: 13-31%) in physicians and 12% (95%CI: 1-33%) in nurses for three dimensions of burnout. High prevalence of burnout syndrome was observed among primary care professionals working in the National Health System, with variations depending on professional category and diagnostic criteria. It seems necessary to promote actions at the individual and organizational levels to reduce the burden associated with burnout among professionals
Burnout · Burnout Syndrome · Health professionals · MEDLINE · Primary care · Primary health care · Healthcare professionals’ stress and burnout · Occupational Health and Burnout · Stress and Burnout Research
Prevalence of Burnout Among Physicians
Methodological guidance for systematic reviews of observational epidemiological studies reporting prevalence and cumulative incidence data
Controlled Interventions to Reduce Burnout in Physicians
Interventions to prevent and reduce physician burnout
The PRISMA 2020 statement
Desgaste profesional
Meta-analysis of prevalence
| Citations per year | 2 |
|---|---|
| Citation span | 2026 - 2026 (1) |
| Highly cited | No |