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Barreras y facilitadores para la participación en el cribado de cáncer colorrectal de la población migrante y gitana

Bibliographic Data

ID21482318
AuthorsIratxe López-López de Araya (0009-0005-0635-3370, University of the Basque Country), Yolanda González-Rábago (0000-0003-3387-5631, University of the Basque Country, corresponding author), Isabel Portillo (0000-0002-3871-3423, BioCruces Health research Institute)
Year2026
Volume40
Pages102585
Publication date2026-01-01
Open AccessYes
TypeARTICLE
VenueGaceta Sanitaria (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 0213-9111 • E-ISSN: 1578-1283
PublisherElsevier BV (PUBLISHER)
DOI10.1016/j.gaceta.2026.102585
PMID41863220
OpenAlexW7139087745
LanguageES
References cited23

Identificar las barreras y los facilitadores para la participación en el programa de cribado de cáncer colorrectal (PCCR) en el País Vasco de las poblaciones migrante y gitana (50-69 años), y explorar los elementos diferenciales de estos factores respecto a la población general. Estudio cualitativo de carácter explicativo-interpretativo desde un enfoque socioconstructivista, mediante cuatro grupos de discusión y cinco grupos triangulares con un total de 42 participantes, entre octubre de 2023 y mayo de 2024, en el País Vasco. Se realizó un análisis temático reflexivo. Se identificaron barreras en las personas participantes migrantes y gitanas, con elementos diferenciales respecto a la población hegemónica, educativos, lingüísticos, socioculturales (ideas sobre salud y prevención) y de género (responsabilidades de cuidado, construcción de la masculinidad). La atención personalizada y presencial, junto con la sensibilización mediante figuras de referencia, son facilitadores clave. Los antecedentes familiares y los problemas de salud previos actúan como facilitadores en la población hegemónica, pero no en las poblaciones migrante y gitana. La participación en el PCCR está condicionada por barreras educativas, lingüísticas, socioculturales y de género, manifestadas en roles de cuidado y modelos de masculinidad. Es necesario incorporar una perspectiva interseccional para comprender como el género, el nivel socioeconómico y la etnia o la raza influyen en la participación en los programas de cribado. Las barreras y los facilitadores identificados permiten orientar el diseño de estrategias específicas de acercamiento a estas comunidades, como la atención presencial y la sensibilización mediante figuras de referencia. To identify barriers and facilitators to participation in the colorectal cancer screening program (CCSP) in the Basque Country among migrant and Roma populations (aged 50-69), and to explore the differential elements of these factors compared with the general population. We conducted an explanatory–interpretative qualitative study from a socioconstructivist perspective. Data was collected through four focus groups and five triangular groups, with a total of 42 participants, between October 2023 and May 2024, in the Basque Country. A reflexive thematic analysis was done. Barriers identified among migrant and Roma participants differ from hegemonic population’ ones, including educational, linguistic, sociocultural (beliefs about health and prevention), and gender-related factors (care responsibilities, constructions of masculinity). Personalized and in-person care, along with awareness raising by trusted community figures, emerged as key facilitators. While family history and previous health issues acted as facilitators among the hegemonic population, those did not have the same effect among migrant and Roma populations. Participation in the CCSP is constrained by educational, linguistic, sociocultural, and gender-related barriers, manifested in care responsibilities and models of masculinity. An intersectional perspective is essential to understanding how gender, socioeconomic status, and race or ethnicity influence participation in screening programs. The barriers and facilitators identified can guide the development of targeted outreach strategies to engage these communities, such as in-person care and awareness raising through community figures

Health professionals · Persona · Population · Cancer survivorship and care · Global Cancer Incidence and Screening · Romani and Gypsy Studies

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