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On the Morality of Killing Human Shields

Bibliographic Data

ID21497327
AuthorsMichael Huemer (0000-0002-2346-3468, Philosophy Department University of Colorado Boulder Boulder CO USA, corresponding author)
Year2026
Volume43
Issue2
Pages339-354
Publication date2026-05-01
Peer ReviewedYes
Open AccessYes
TypeARTICLE
VenueJournal of Applied Philosophy (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 0264-3758 • E-ISSN: 1468-5930
PublisherWiley (PUBLISHER • GB)
DOI10.1111/japp.70062
OpenAlexW4416439988
LanguageEN
References cited13

I argue that when an enemy deploys human shields in war, it is permissible to discount the shields' presence to some degree in planning the sort of military options the human shields were meant to deter. I reject two proposed rationales for this – the argument that only the user of human shields will be responsible for their deaths and the argument that the initial victim of a rights‐violation must bear the costs rather than transferring them to another innocent person. I propose a third, rule‐utilitarian rationale, which argues that the rule allowing for human shields to be discounted discourages their use and avoids giving a large tactical advantage to those who violate international law

Adversary · Morality · Shields · sort · Global Peace and Security Dynamics · International Law and Human Rights · War, Ethics, and Justification

  • Killing in War

    Jeff Mcmahan•Killing in war•2009

  • Responsibility and Proportionality in State and Nonstate Wars

    Michael Walzer•The US Army War College Quarterly…•2009

  • Just war, human shields, and the 2023–24 Gaza War

    Open Access•Per Bauhn•Israel Affairs•2024

  • Coda

    Michael Walzer•European Journal of International…•2013

  • Unreliable Protection

    Open Access•Daniel Statman, Raanan Sulitzeanu-Kenan et al.•European Journal of International…•2020

  • Targeting Human Shields

    Amir Saemi, Philip Atkins•The Philosophical Quarterly•2018

  • Permissibility in a World of Wrongdoing

    Open Access•Victor Tadros•Philosophy & Public Affairs•2016

  • Proportionality in the Morality of War

    Open Access•Thomas Hurka•Philosophy & Public Affairs•2005

Citation velocityhistorical
Highly citedNo
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