On the Justified Use of AI Decision Support in Evidence-Based Medicine
Validity, Explainability, and Responsibility
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 21598406 |
|---|---|
| Authors | Sune Holm (0000-0002-3812-7942, University of Copenhagen, corresponding author) |
| Year | 2023 |
| Pages | 1-7 |
| Publication date | 2023-06-09 |
| Peer Reviewed | Yes |
| Open Access | Yes |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 0963-1801 • E-ISSN: 1469-2147 |
| Publisher | Cambridge University Press (CUP) (PUBLISHER) |
| DOI | 10.1017/s0963180123000294 |
| PMID | 37293823 |
| OpenAlex | W4379967582 |
| Language | EN |
| Citations received | 4 |
| References cited | 20 |
When is it justified to use opaque artificial intelligence (AI) output in medical decision-making? Consideration of this question is of central importance for the responsible use of opaque machine learning (ML) models, which have been shown to produce accurate and reliable diagnoses, prognoses, and treatment suggestions in medicine. In this article, I discuss the merits of two answers to the question. According to the Explanation View, clinicians must have access to an explanation of why an output was produced. According to the Validation View, it is sufficient that the AI system has been validated using established standards for safety and reliability. I defend the Explanation View against two lines of criticism, and I argue that within the framework of evidence-based medicine mere validation seems insufficient for the use of AI output. I end by characterizing the epistemic responsibility of clinicians and point out how a mere AI output cannot in itself ground a practical conclusion about what to do
Criticism · Epistemology · Evidence-based medicine · Medical diagnosis · MEDLINE · Pathology · Political science · Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education · Clinical Reasoning and Diagnostic Skills · Computer Science · Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI · Law · Mathematics · Medicine · Philosophy · Psychology · Artificial Intelligence
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| Unique citing works | 4 |
|---|---|
| Citations per year | 1.33 |
| Citation span | 2023 - 2025 (3) |
| Citation velocity | recent |
| Highly cited | No |
| Citation types | Neutral: 4 |